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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is charge measured in?
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Coulomb (C).
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Name the only two charged particles in atoms and state their charge and position.
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Proton (positive) trapped inside the nucleus and electron (negative) orbiting the nucleus and therefore able to move from atom to atom.
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What is an electrical insulator?
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A material that it is difficult for charge to move through.
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What is an electrical conductor?
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A material that charge moves through easily
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In what terms can we explain static electricity?
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In terms of electrical charges.
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What happens when electrical charges move?
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We get an electric current.
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How can a static charge build up?
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When certain insulating materials are rubbed against each other they become electrically charged.
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Can conductors build up a charge?
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Only if they are insulated - surrounded by an insulating material - the trapped charge then evenly spreads out over the conductor
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Which charged particles can move from one object to another?
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Only electrons.
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What is the charge of an electron?
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It is negative.
It is -1.6 x 10-19 coulombs... but you don't need to memorise this! |
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How is charge transferred from one material to another?
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Negatively charged electrons are rubbed off one material onto the one they have a greater affinity for.
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What happens for a material to gain a negative charge?
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The material that gains electrons becomes negatively charged.
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What happens for a material to gain a positive charge?
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The material that loses electrons is left with a positive charge.
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What happens when two electrically charged bodies are brought near to each other?
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They exert a force on each other.
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What type of force acts between like charges?
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Repulsion - they repel.
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What type of force acts between opposite charges?
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Attraction - they attract.
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What substances can electrical charges can move easily through?
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Electrical conductors eg metals.
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What is electrical current?
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The rate of flow of electrical charge is called the current.
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What is the unit of current?
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Amps (A) or amperes
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How can charged body can be discharged?
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By connecting it to earth with a conductor. Excess charge then flows through the conductor to earth.
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What exists between an isolated charged body and the earth?
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A potential difference (think of it as an electrical 'height difference' but use the term potential difference).
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What is potential difference measure in?
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Volts (V)
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What causes a spark?
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If the potential difference between one surface and another becomes high enough, a spark may jump across the gap.
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Give two examples of how we use electrostatic charges.
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Photocopiers and smoke precipitators.
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