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84 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
an attempt to explain how dream content is affected by motor commands in the brain that occur during sleep, but are not carried out.
Activation-synthesis hypothesis
common name for ethyl alcohol, the intoxicating element in fermented and distilled liquors
Alcohol
large, slow brain waves associated with relaxation and falling asleep
Alpha waves
a condition of awareness distinctly different in quality or pattern from waking consciousness
Altered state of consciousness
a class of synthetic drugs having stimulant effects on the nervous system
Amphetamines
an inability to feel pleasure
anhedonia
one of a large group of sedative drugs that depress activity in the nervous system
Barbiturate
the tendency of hypnotized persons to carry out suggested actions as if they were involuntary
Basic suggestion effect
small fast brain waves associated with being awake and alert
Beta waves
any repeating cycle of biological activity, such as sleep and waking cycles or changes in body temperature
Biological rhythm
consuming 5 or more drinks in a short time(4 drinks for women)
Binge drinking
a natural drug with stimulant properties; found in coffee and tea and added to artificial beverages and medicines
Caffeine
a substance capable of causing cancer
Carcinogen
a sudden temporary paralysis of the muscles
Cataplexy
insomnia that persists for more than 3 weeks
Chronic insomnia
a crystalline drug derived from coca leaves; used as a central nervous stimulant and local anesthetic
Cocaine
intense use and extreme dependence
Compulsive drug use
mental awareness of sensations, perceptions, memories, and feelings
Consciousness
stage 4 sleep, the deepest form of normal sleep
Deep Sleep
lerge, slow brain waves that occur in deeper sleep (stages 3 and 4)
Delta waves
a substance that decreases activity in yhr body and nervous system
Depressant
in the treatment of alcoholism, the withdrawl of the patient from alcohol
Detoxification
directing emotions or actions toward safe or unimportant dream images
Displacement
mental filters that hide the true meanings of dreams
Dream process
images in dreams that serve as visible signs of hidden ideas, desires, impulses, emotions, relationships and so forth
Dream symbols
insomnia that follows withdrawl from sleeping pills
Drug-dependency insomnia
a combined effect of two drugs that exceeds the addition of one drug's effects to the other
Drug interaction
a reduction in the body's response to a drug
Drug tolerance
a device designed to detect, amplify, and record electrical activity in the brain
Electroencephalograph
EEG
short-term use based on curiosity
Experimental drug use
a substance that alters or distorts sensory impressions
Hallucinogen
resinous material scraped from the leaves of the hemp plant; has a high concentration of THC
Hashish
extreme daytime sleepiness
Hyperinsomnia
an altered state of consciousness characterized by narrow attention and increased suggestability
Hypnosis
a reflex muscle twitch throughout the body that often occurs as one is falling asleep
Hypnic jerk
vivid mental images that may occur just as one enters stage 1 sleep
Hypnogogic images
one's capacity for becoming hypnotized
Hypnotic susceptibility
difficulty in getting to sleep of staying asleep
Insomnia
daily use with elements of dependence
Intensive drug use
stage 1 sleep; marked by small irregular brain waves and some alpha waves
Light sleep
a person who averages 9 hours of sleep or more per night
Long sleeper
a dream in which the dreamer feels awake and capable of normal thought and actions
Lucid dream
the leaves and flowers of the hemp plant (Cannabis sativa)
Marijuana
a stimulant drug closely related to amphetamine and commonly known as Ecstasy
MDMA
(methylenedioxymethamphetamine)
to hypnotize
Mesmerize
a stimulant drug closely related to amphetamine in structure and effect
Methamphetamine
a brief shift in brain-wave patterns to those of sleep
Microsleep
a sudden, irresistible sleep attack
Narcolepsy
a potent stimulant drug found primarily in tobacco;known carcinogen
Nicotine
a bad dream that occurs during REM sleep
Nightmare
a state of panic during NREM sleep
Night terror
non-rapid eye movement sleep characteristic of stages 2,3 and 4
NREM sleep
physical addiction, as indicated by the presence of drug tolerance and withdrawl symptoms
Physical dependence
a substance capable of altering attention, memory, judgement, time sense, self-control, mood, or perception
Psychoactive drug
any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces
Psychodynamic theory
drug dependence that is based primarily on emotional or psychological needs
Psychological dependence
swift eye movements during sleep
Rapid eye movements
REMs
a failure of normal muscle paralysis, leading to violent actions during REM sleep
REM behavior disorder
sleep marked by rapid eye movements and a return to stage 1 EEG patterns
REM sleep
Restricted Envrionmental Stimulation Therapy
REST
making a dream more logical and complete while remembring it
Secondary elaboration
a stage of hypnosis attained without the aid of a hypnotist; autosuggestion
Self-hypnosis
any major reduction in the amount or variety of sensory stimulation
Sensory deprivation
a person averaging 5 hours of sleep or less per night
Short sleeper
use to cope with a specific problem, such as needing to stay awake
Situational drug use
repeated interruption of breathing during sleep
Sleep apnea
being prevented from getting desired or needed amounts of sleep
Sleep deprivation
a major disruption of mental and emotional functioning brought about by sleep loss
Sleep deprivation psychosis
a sleep-promoting substance found in the brain and spinal cord
Sleep hormone
the order and timing of daily sleep and waking periods
Sleep patterns
distinctive bursts of brain-wave activity that indicate that a person is asleep
Sleep spindles
levels of sleep identified by brain-wave patterns and behavorial changes
Sleep stages
speaking that occurs during NREM sleep
Sleeptalking
occasional social use for pleasure of relaxation
Social-recreational drug use
sleepwalking; occurs during NREM sleep
Somnambulism
use of hypnosis to entertain; often merely a stimulation of hypnosis for that purpose
Stage hypnosis
a substance that increases activity in the body and nervous system
Stimulant
the sudden enexplained death of an apparently healthy infant
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
the non-literal expression of dream content
Symbolization
a drug that lowers anxiety and reduces tension
Tranquilizer
a sleep-promoting amino acid
Tryptophan
a state of normal alert awareness
Waking consciousness
Freudian belief that many dreams express unconscious desires
Wish fulfillment
physical illlness and discomfort following the withdrawl of a drug
Withdrawl symptoms