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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
List the Categorical Data.
1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
List the Numerical Data.
1. Interval
2. Ratio
Define Nominal Data.
- Possible values are just names of categories.
- No apparent ordering between the possible values (e.g., gender, major, college).
Define Ordinal Data.
There is an obvious ordering of the possible values .
Example: Year level(Freshman, Sophomore...), Military ranking.
Define Interval Data.
- Interval exists but not ratios.
- Zero does not mean absence of that variable. (e.g., Temp., IQ)
Example: 60F vs. 30F, there is 30 degrees difference but that doesn't mean that 60F is 2x as warm as 30F.
Define Ratio Data.
- Ratios exist.
- Zero means absence of that variable (e.g., age, height, # of classes this semester).
Define Discrete ratio level.
Result of a counting process (e.g., # of classes being taken, # of students in class).
Define Continuous ratio level.
Result of a measuring process (e.g., height, age, weight, velocity).
Relative Frequency Table.
represents the frequency of each type of categorical variable.
Bar Chart.
plot of the relative frequency table; order of categories is arbitrary.
Pie Chart.
also a plot of the relative frequency table, except in a circular shape.
Stem-and-Leaf Plot.
identifies gaps in the data, distribution of values, number/location of peaks, outlying values and spread about the typical value.
Relative Frequency Table and Histogram.
similar with stem-and-leaf plot but dependent on class size. However, values are lost through grouping.
Box-and-Whisker Plot.
graphical representation of the distribution of quarters of the data. Useful when comparing the distribution of two variables.
Dot Plot.
similar to histogram but used for moderately large data.
Left-Skewed.
Left tail is longer than the right tail.
Right-Skewed.
Right tail is longer than left tail.
Symmetric.
Left tail is almost the same as the right tail.
Five Number Summary.
1. MIN
2. Q1
3. MED
4. Q3
5. MAX
MIN (minimum).
The smallest of the ordered observations.
Q1 (first Quartile).
The upper boundary of the first quarter
MED (median/second quartile).
The upper boundary of the second quarter, also divides the data into halves.
Q3 (third quartile).
The upper boundary of the third quarter.
MAX (maximum).
The largest of the ordered observations.