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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sample standard deviation
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formula p.119
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quartile
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a location measure of a data value; it divides the distribution into four groups.
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percentile
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a location measure of a data value; it divided the distribution into 100 groups.
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Z-score
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the difference between a a data value and the mean, divided by the standard deviation. p.130
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outcome
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the result of a single trial of a probability experiment.
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sample space
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the set of all possible outcomes of a probability experiment.
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compound event
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an event that consist of two or more outcomes or simple events.
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the complement of an event
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the set of outcomes in the sample space that are not among the outcomes of the event itself
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rules for complementary events
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if the probability of an event or the probability of its complement is known, then the other can be found by subtracting the probability from 1. formula p.175
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Formula for empirical probablity
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formula p.177
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mutually exclusive
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probability events that cannot occur at the same time.
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independent events
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events for which the probability of the first ocurring does not affect the probability of the second occuring.
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dependent events
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events for which the outcomes or occurence of the first event affects the outcome or occurence of the second event in such a way that the probability is changed.
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permutation
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an arrangement of n objects in a specific order
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combination
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a selection of distinct objects without regard to order.
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tree diagram
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a device used to list all possibilities of a sequence of events in a systematic way.
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expected value
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the theoretical average of a variable that has a probability distribution.
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binomial experiment
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a probability experiment in which each trial has only two outcomes, there are a fixed number of trials, the outcomes of trials are independent, and the probability of success remains the same for each trial. For example: A situation like a multiple -choice question, even though there are four or five answer choices, can be classified as correct or incorrect.
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discrete distributions
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consist of values a random variable can assume and the corresponding probabilities of the values. The probabilities are determined theoretically or by observation.
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law of large numbers
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when a probabiliy experiment is repeated a large number of times, the relative frequency probability of an outcome will approach its theoretical probability
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