Stars And Galaxies

Front 1

Star - S.1

Back 1

A large, spherical mass of gas that gives off light and other types of radiation

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Constellation - S.1

Back 2

Group of stars that forms a pattern in the sky that looks like a familiar object (Libra), animal (Pegasus), or character (Orion)

Front 3

Absolute Magnitude - S.1

Back 3

Measure of the amount of light a star actually gives off

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Apparent Magnitude - S.1

Back 4

Measure of the amount of light from a star that is received on Earth

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Light-year - S.1

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Unit representing that distance light travels in one year--about 9.5 trillion km--used to record distances between stars and galaxies

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Cycle - S.2

Back 6

A repeating sequence of events, such as the sunspot cycle

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Photosphere - S.2

Back 7

Lowest layer of the Sun's atmosphere; gives off light and has temperatures of about 6,000 K

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Chromosphere - S.2

Back 8

Layers of the Sun's atmosphere above the photosphere

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Corona - S.2

Back 9

Outermost, largest layer of the Sun's atmosphere; extends millions of kilometers into space and has temperatures up to 2 million K

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Sunspots - S.2

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Areas on the Sun's surface that are cooler and less bright than surrounding areas, are caused by the Sun's magnetic field, and occur in cycles

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Gravity-S.3

Back 11

An attractive force between objects that have mass

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Nebula-S.3

Back 12

Large cloud of gas and dust that contracts under gravitational force and breaks apart into smaller pieces, each of which might collapse to form a star.

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Giant-S.3

Back 13

Late stage in the life of comparatively low-mass main sequence star in which hydrogen in the core is deleted, the core contracts and temperatures inside the star increase, causing its outer layers to expand and cool.

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White Dwarf-S.3

Back 14

Late stage in the life cycle of a comparatively low-mass main sequence star; formed when its core depletes its helium and its outer layers escape into space, leaving behind a hot, dense, core.

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Supergiant-S.3

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Late stage in the life cycle of a massive star in which the core heats up, heavy elements form by fusion, and the star expands; can eventually explode to form a supernova.

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Neutron Star-S.3

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Collapsed core of a supernova that can shrink to about 20 km in diameter and contains only neutrons in the dense core.

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Black Hole-S.3

Back 17

Final stage in the evolution of a very massive star, where the core's mass collapses to a point that its gravity is so strong that not even light can escape.

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Universe-S.4

Back 18

The space that contains all known matter and energy

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Galaxy-S.4

Back 19

Large group of stars,dust, and gas held together by gravity; can be elliptical, spiral, or irregular

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Big Bang Theory-S.4

Back 20

States taht about 13.7 billion years ago, the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion.