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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Staphylococcus Atmospheric, location, environment, and transmission characteristics
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facultative anaerobe
extracellular skin or mucous membrane transmission |
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Faculative anaerobe characteristics
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make ATP via respiration in presence of O2, but produces energy via fermentation without O2.
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Surface virulence factors refer to...
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Biology of organism and how causes disease.
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Staphylococcus pathogenesis
surface virulence factors : adhesion |
teichoic acid, fibronectin,, collagen, fibrinogen binding molecules
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Stphylococcus pathogenesis surface virulence factors: other
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capsule: opsonization
Protein A - IgG opsionization Coagulase - provides physical barrier |
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Staphylococcus Protein A does what
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avoids opsonization by binding to Fc receptor of IgG. Macrophages also have Fc receptors
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Staphylococcus pathogenesis
secreted virulence factors: enzymes |
Enzymes - DNase, Lipase, Protease, Hyaluronidase, and catalase
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Protease is of what advantage to pathogen
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it reacts with host components to provide itself with nutrients.
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Hyaluronidase is of what benefit to pathogen?
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it afffects connective tissue allowing it to spread better.
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Catalase does what?
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converts H2O2 to H2O and O2.
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Staphylococcus secreted virulence factors hemoysins/toxins
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cytotoxic, cytolytic. Inserts into host cell membrane and lyses the cell.
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B toxin is what
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sphingomyelinase
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Staphylococcus virulence factors: enterotoxins
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super antigens: modulate host immune response. secretes TNF-a, IL-1, IL-6 (shock)
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Staph spp. of Vet Med
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S. aureus - all species
S. pseudintermedius - dog + S schleiferi - dog, + S. hyicus - pig, others S. epidermidis - dog + |
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Coagulase positive Staph spp.
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S. aureus
S. pseudintermedius S. schleiferi S. hyicus |
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Staphylococcus spp. Coagulase negative
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S. epidermidis
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Coagulase is a sign of
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pathogenicity
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S. aureus causes what septicemic/suppurative conditions
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Lamb tick pyemia
abscesses, lameness, bacteremia, death |
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S. aureus infections
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Lamb tick pyemia
broiler infection bovine mastitis equine botryomycosis equine/canine pyoderma otitis externa |
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S. aureus broiler infection
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omphatitis
arthritis bumblefoot |
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S. aureus Bovine Mastitis
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abrasion teat orifice
ductular epithelium mammary gland inflammation contagious |
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S. aureus equine diseases
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Equine botryomycosis: spermatic cord infection, granulmatous condition
Equine pyoderma |
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Equine pyoderma caused by
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S. aureus
S. intermedius |
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Canine pyoderma/otitis externa caused by
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S. pseudointermedius (frequent)
S. aureus (rare) skin, sub Q, abscesses |
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S. hyicus diseases
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Porcine exudative epidermitis
greasy pig syndrome patches of dirty brown greasy hair, whole body, death in 10 days |
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staphylococcus Zoonosis
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S. aureus - yes
MRSA - yes S. pseudintermedius - less common |
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Streptococcus & Enterococcus characteristics
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Gram positive cocci in chain or single, non-motile, non-spore-forming
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Streptococcus & Enterococcus hemolytic characteristics
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a, b g
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Streptococcus and Enterococcus Lancefield grouping -
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A - H and K- V
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Streptococcus and Enterococcus atmospheric characteristics
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facultative anaerobe
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Streptococcus and Enterococcus Location, enviroment and transmission
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extracellular
mucosa - GI and respiratory tract direct contact, fomites |
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Strept. pathogenesis: surface virulence factors:adhesion molecules
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lipoteichoic acids, fibronectin-binding protein
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Strep. pathogenesis surface virulence factors"other
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hyaluronic acid - evasion
M protein - Ag variation C5 Peptidase - molecular mimicry |
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Strep pathogenesis secreted virulence factors enzymes:
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IgA protease - adherance
DNase, Lipase - nutrients Hyaluronidase spreading, breaksdown CT |
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Strep. pathogenesis: Toxins
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streptolysin O (SLO) - cytolytic
Pyogenic Exotoxins (SPE) Super Ag, tissue damage, inflammation, shock |
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Strep ssp - CAMP
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Staph B toxin
S. agalactiae - CAMP factor/ protein B synergistic hemolysis |
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Strep spp.
human strep throat |
S. pyogenes
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strep spp. Vet med
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S. agalactiae
S. dysgalactiae (disgalactiae, equisimilis) S. equi (equi/zooepidemicus S. suis S. canis |
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Enterococcus spp causes
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UTI, opportunistic infections
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S agalactiae
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B
Bovine mastitis |
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S. dysgalactiae ssp
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dysgalactiae C Bovine mastitis
equisimilis C Equine/other abscess |
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S. equi
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equi C Equine strangles
zooepidemicus C euqine pneumonia |
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S. suis
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D porcine septicemia
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S canis
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G canine/feline infctions
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Bovine mastitis cause by what Strep ssp.
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B S. agalactiae (chronic)
C S. dysglactiea (acute) S. uberis (environment |
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Strep bovine mastitis habitat
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milk duct
buccal cavity skin vagina |
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S. Canis
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canine feline infections
septicemia pneumonia shock pyoderma omphalophelbitis |
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S. equi
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Equine strangles
highly contagious/febrile retropharyngeal lymph node swelling/rupture |
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S. zooepidemicus
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equine pneumonia
equine uterine infection wound infection/many species |
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S suis
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porcine infection
septicemia encephalitis/meningitis endocarditis arthritis many serotypes (1&2common) |
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Enterococcus spp
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intestinal flora
UTI surgical wound/blood stream |
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VRE
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vancomycin G+ bacteria
drug of last resort only have developed resistance |
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Enterococcus is susceptible to
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vancomycin
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Laboratory diagnosis includes
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sample collection
cultrue and ID Antimicrobial susceptibilit Hemolytic pattern |
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Treatment control and prevention
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predisposing factors
source of infection antibiotic use no effective vaccines patient or herd management. |