Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Gram-positive and gram negative cocci are frequently called what?
|
Pyogenic
|
due to their stimulation of pus
|
|
|
What are nonmotile, gram-positive cocci arranged in irregular clusters; facultative anaerobes; fermentative; salt-tolerant; catalase-positive?
|
Characteristics of Staphylococci
|
|
|
|
S. a_______________ produces a number of virulence factors.
|
Staphylococcus aureus |
|
|
|
Staphylococcus Aureus has five enzymes, name them.
(C H S N P) |
Coagulase
Hyaluronidase Staphylokinase Nuclease & Penincillinase. |
|
|
|
Beta-hemolysins, leukocidin, enterotoxin, exfoliative, and toxic shock syndrome are what?
Toxins or Enzymes |
Toxins
|
|
|
|
Abscesses, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles, & impetigo are _________ infections. |
Skin |
|
|
|
Toxemia in women caused by a staph infection within the vagina (due to tampons) |
Toxic shock syndrome |
|
|
|
S. Saprophyticus is a staphylococci pathogen that causes________ infections |
Urinary |
|
|
|
S. Epidermidis is a normal resident on the _____ & follicles. It's an opportunist. And the most common cause of _________ infections. |
Skin, Nosocomial |
|
|
|
Streptococci are a large, varied group of gram _____ bacteria and contain 2 genera: S________tococcus & E________ococcus. |
Positive, Streptococcus, enterococcus |
|
|
|
S. pyrogens = group ___ S. agalactiae = group ___ Enterococcus faecalis = group ___ Alpha-hemolytic S. Pneumoniae & V_____________ |
A, B, D, & Viridans |
|
|
|
What is another name for strep throat? |
Pharyngitis |
|
|
|
Pharyngitis (strep throat) may lead to pneumonia or toxemia also called _______ fever. |
Scarlet |
|
|
|
Group A and B strep are treated primarily with _____________. |
Penicillin |
|
|
|
This alpha hemolytic strep constitutes oral flora in saliva and can form bio films on tissue. |
Viridans |
S. mitis S. salivarius S. mutans S. sanguinis Starts with a V |
|
|
Pneumococcus are the most common cause of bacterial ______. Which attacks weak _____ defenses, symptoms include fever/chills, cyanosis, and cough |
Pneumonia, Respiratory |
|
|
|
Otitis media is inflammation of the __________- _____, and is common in children or adults? |
Middle ear, Children |
|
|
|
Gonococcus causes _____________ |
Gonorrhea. |
|
|
|
Located intracellularly in ___ cells. Gonorrhea is a common ___. Transmitted _____ to newborn. Both sexes can have asymptomatic ________. |
Pus,STD, Mother, & Carriers |
|
|
|
Symptoms of Gonorrhea in males are: urethritis with _________. Infection of deeper reproductive structures may cause scarring and __________. |
Discharge, Infertility |
|
|
|
Gonorrhea may cause extragenital infections of the anal region, pharyngeal, conjunctivitis, S_________ & A___________. |
Septicemia, & Arthritis |
|
|
|
The symptoms in scarlet fever are due to A) streptomycin B) coagulate C) erythrogenic toxin D) alpha-toxin |
C) erythrogenic toxin |
|
|
|
__________ hemolysis is the partial lysis of _____ due to bacterial hemolysins |
Alpha, RBC's |
|
|
|
What virulence factor causes skin hemorrhages in meningitis A) blood clots B) erysopelas C) endotoxins in the blood |
C) endotoxins in the blood |
|
|
|
Skin condition that causes desquamation
|
(SSSS) Staphylococal scalded skin syndrome |
|
|
|
Toxemia in women due to infection of the vagina associated with tampon use
|
Toxic shock syndrome |
|
|
|
Bacteremia leading to endocarditis and pneumonia
|
Osteomyelitis |
Starts with an O
|
|
|
S. Epidermidis is a common cause of ______ infections, mainly in ________ patients with medical devices or implants.
|
Nosocomial, Surgical
|
|
|
|
S. aureus has multiple resistance to __________. They are:
P__________ A__________ and M______________. |
Antibiotics, Penicillin, Ampicillin, & Methicillin
|
|
|
|
The resistance to these antiobiotics is called ____________.
|
MRSA |
|
|
|
Staphylococcal infections have extreme resistance to ________ environmental conditions.
|
Harsh
|
|
|
|
Cocci are in chains of ______ lengths.
|
Various
|
|
|
|
_______ cocci are gram positive, non-motile, encapsulated, catalase-negative.
|
Streptococci |
|
|
|
Streptococci are classified into _________ groups (A-R) according to the type of serological reactions of the cell wall carbohydrate. |
Lancefield
|
|
|
|
S. pyogenes is the most serious pathogen of the ______ family?
|
Streptococci
|
|
|
|
_____ Hemalytic streptococci produces several ____ factors. These include C-carbohydrates, M-protein, streptokinase, hyaludronidase, DNase, Streptolysins, erythrogenic toxin.
|
Beta, Virulence
|
|
|
|
Strep skin infections include pyoderma or strep __________ and erysipelas also know as a deeper _________ing skin infection.
|
impetigo, spreading |
|
|
|
Sequelae caused by ________ response to streptococcal toxins include ____________ fever and glomerulonephritis.
|
immune, rheumatic
|
|
|
|
Streptococcus agalactiae is a pathogen increasingly found in the human _________; causes neonatal, ________ , and _______ infections particularly in debilitated persons.
|
vagina, wound, &
skin |
|
|
|
S. Pneumoniae is a heavily encapsulated ________ shaped diplococcus. ______ is an important virulence factor. The reservoir is _________ of normal healthy carriers.
|
lancet , capsule, nasopharynx
|
|
|
|
S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of _______ in adults
|
meningitis
|
|
|
|
The family neisseriaceae is a gram ___________ cocci.
|
negative
|
|
|
|
Bean shaped diplicocci have capsules and fimbrae, oxidase positive, non spore forming, non-motile, fastidious, and do not survive long, also residents of mucous membranes
|
Neisseria
|
|
|
|
Symptoms in a female with Gonorrhea include ________________ and urethritis
|
vaginitis
|
|
|
|
Ascending infections of gonorrhea may lead to__________, also know as inflammation of the uterine tubes in females or PID
|
Salpingitis
|
|
|
|
Gonorrhea is a _____ anaerobic infection of the abdomen, common cause of __________ and _______-______ pregnancy.
|
mixed, sterility, ectopic tubal
|
due to scared fallopian tubes
|
|
|
Gonorrhea infections in newborns cause ________ inflammation.
|
eye
|
|
|
|
Gonorrhea infections can infect deeper tissues of the eyes in newborns and cause ___________.
|
blindness |
|
|
|
True or False Newborn infections can not be prevented immediately after birth by prophylaxis. |
false
|
|
|
|
Which of the following is/are a pyogenic coccus/cocci?
A) Streptococcus B) Staphylococcus C) Neisseria D) All |
D) All |
|
|
|
The coagulase test is used to differentiate S. aureus from
A) Other Staphylococci B) Enterococci |
A) Other staphylococci |
|
|
|
The most severe streptococcal diseases are caused by
A) group B B) group A C) enterococci |
B) group A streptococci |
|
|
|
rheumatic fever damages the ________, and glomerulonephritis damages the ___________.
|
Heart valves kidneys |
|
|
|
Viridians streptococci commonly cause
|
A. Pneumonia B. meningitis C. subacute endocardiditis D. otitis media |
C. subacute endocardiditis
|
|
|
which genus of bacteria has pathogens that can cause blindness?
|
B. staphylococcus C. Neisseria D. Branhamella |
C. Neisseria
|
|
|
An important test for identifying Neisseria
|
B. production of catalase C. sugar fermentation D. beta-hemolysis |
A. Production of Oxidase
|
|
|
A complication of genital gonorrhea in both men and women is
|
B. Pelvic inflammatory disease C. arthritis D. Blindness |
A. Infertility
|
|
|
Which infectious agent of those covered in this chapter would most likely be acquired from a contatiminated doorknob? |
B. streptococcus pyogenes C. Neisseria meningitides D. Streptococcus pneumoniae |
A. Staphylococcus aureus
|
|
|
Which of the following effects is/are caused by formation of an infectious biofilm?
|
A. disseminated infection B. failure of drug therapy C. colonization of tissues D. a and b E. b and c F all of these |
F. All of these
|
