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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Secretes glucagon
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alpha cells
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Secretes insulin
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beta cells
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Secretes somatostatin
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delta cells
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glucose from aa's
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gluconeogenesis
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glucose into glycogen
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glycogenesis
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glycogen into glucose
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glycogenolysis
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Primary control of insulin
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blood glucose level
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Target tissues of insulin
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adipose
muscle liver |
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Insulin independent tissues
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CNS
Retina Kidney RBC |
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What does insulin do in muscle cells
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increased glucose entry, glycogen synthesis, AA and K+ uptake
Decreased protein breakdown |
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Insulin's affect on the liver
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inhibits gluconeogenesis
increases glycogen stores, glycogen buffer |
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Enzyme that stores glucose as glycogen in the liver
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glucokinase
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What does a lack of glucose do to adipose tissue
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increases fatty acid synthesis
activates lipoprotein lipase increases K+ uptake increases LDL and cholesterol |
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Deficiency of ADH
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Diabetes insipidus
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Excessive fluid loss d/t overproduction of gluccocorticoids
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adrenal diabetes
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Insulin dependent area of the brain that is responsible for hunger
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hypothalamus
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What are some of the metabolic changes that occur due to DM
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increased fat and protein metabolism
decreased Na and K Hyperglycemia Dehydration |
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Stimulates B cells to release more insulin
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sulfonylureas
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Suppress liver output of glucose
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metformin
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Make cells more receptive to insulin
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Rezulin
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Normal fasting glucose level
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90-100
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How long does it normally take glucose levels to get back to normal after glucose tolerant test
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2 hours
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What is the action of glucagon on carbs
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increase hepatic glucose production and release
promotes glycogenolysis decrease glycogen synthesis |
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What is the action of glucagon on fats
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enhances ketone production
ketogenesis- break down of fats to ketone bodies Inhibits triglyceride synthesis |
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What is the action somatostatin
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inhibits GH
decreases GI motility |
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What are the components of metabolic syndrome
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obesity
hyperglycemia insulin resistance lipid abnormalities HTN |
