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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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energy
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the ability to do work or cause change
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heat
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the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object
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static electricity
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the buildup of charges on an object; uncharged objects can become charged by gaining or losing electrons
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electric current
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the continuous flow of electric charges through a material
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electric circuit
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an unbroken path that charges can flow through
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insulator
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a material such as rubber that does not allow charges to flow
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conductor
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a material through which charges can flow easily
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resistance
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the measure of how difficult it is for charges to flow through an object
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electromagnetism
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the relationship between electricity and magnetism; an electric current produces a magnetic field
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solenoid
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a coil of wire with a current
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electromagnet
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a solenoid with a ferromagnetic core; this creates a magnetic field stronger than a solenoid
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wave
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a disturbance involving the transfer of energy from place to place
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medium
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the material through which a wave travels
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mechanical waves
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waves that require a medium to travel
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frequency
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the number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time
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intensity
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the amount of energy a sound wave carries per second through a unit area
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pitch
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how high or low a sound seems to a person; the pitch of a sound you hear depends on the frequency of the sounds wave
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loudness
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describes your awareness of the energy of a sound; the loudness of a sound depends on the energy and intensity of the sound wave
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photon
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a packet or particle of light energy
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transparent
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a material that transmits most of the light that strikes it
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translucent
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a material that scatters the light that passes through it
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opaque
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a material that reflect or absorbs all of the light that strikes it
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pigment
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a colored stance that is used to color other materials; when the three primary colors of pigments are combined in equal amounts, they produce black
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image
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a copy of an object formed by reflected or refracted rays of light
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index of refraction
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a measure of how much a light ray bends when it enters a medium; the higher the index of refraction of a medium, the more it bends lights
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