Ssc Peds Final - Cancer/malignancy

Front 1

What is an indicator of a neuroblastoma in a child whose cancer has stemmed from nerve tissue in the adrenal glands?

Back 1

Hypertension

Front 2

What has to be present in the urine or blood in order to make a diagnosis of neuroblastoma?

Back 2

Catecholamines

Front 3

These types of cells are overproduced in leukemia and are immature and abnormally functioning:

Back 3

Blast cells

Front 4

What can be used as a detector of metastasis in Hodgkin's disease?

Back 4

Gallium and bone scan

Front 5

What is the definitive test to determine if a child has leukemia?

Back 5

Bone marrow biopsy

Front 6

True or false: Fencing and paintball gunning are ideal activities for a child who has had an eye enucleation.

Back 6

False

Front 7

Often neuroblastomas present here as a mass that is non-tender, firm, and crosses the body's midline:

Back 7

Abdomen

Front 8

The overcrowding of abnormal WBCs in the blood and bone marrow cause suppression of normal cell function and formation in the bone marrow, increasing risk for this:

Back 8

Infection

Front 9

When should antiemetics be given to a patient undergoing chemo and radiation?

Back 9

Before chemo or radiation to prevent nausea and vomiting

Front 10

Most common solid tumor in children; can be cancerous:

Back 10

Brain tumor

Front 11

An ANC count below this number is considered severe neutropenia and drastically increases the risk for infection:

Back 11

<500

Front 12

The overproduction of abnormal WBCs:

Back 12

Leukemia

Front 13

What is the best way to determine if a rhabdomyosarcoma is present?

Back 13

X-ray

Front 14

What is essential to the diagnosis and staging of Hodgkin's disease?

Back 14

Lymph node biopsy

Front 15

True or false: A rectal temperature is recommended for a patient with rectal ulcers and thrombocytopenia in order to obtain the most accurate reading.

Back 15

False

Front 16

Removal of the eye; done as a treatment for advanced retinoblastoma. A prosthetic eye is implanted:

Back 16

Enucleation

Front 17

A tumor that originates in the retina; most occur in only one eye but if there is a family history it may occur bilaterally:

Back 17

Retinoblastoma

Front 18

Given to stimulate erythrocyte production; does is adjusted based on labs. This side effect should be watched for:

Back 18

Epogen, Procrit. Watch for HTN

Front 19

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by these types of tumors of the lymph system; affects deeper lymph nodes:

Back 19

Solid & diffuse

Front 20

These types of cells are the most sensitive to chemotherapy; what are two big examples?

Back 20

Rapidly dividing; hair cells and GI cells

Front 21

Affects the metaphysis of bones; pain, limping, and masses result; adolescents mostly affected:

Back 21

Osteosarcoma

Front 22

This is a common surgical management of Hodgkin's disease; prophylactic antibiotics are usually needed to prevent infection:

Back 22

Splenectomy

Front 23

What are two main signs of a brain tumor?

Back 23

Headache upon arising, vomiting unrelated to feeding

Front 24

Tachycardia along with this change is worrisome in a neutropenic child receiving chemo:

Back 24

Low blood pressure

Front 25

True or false: Because cancer symptoms are vague at first and mimic regular childhood illness signs, parents may unintentionally delay treatment.

Back 25

True

Front 26

A lymph system malignancy that attacks kids ages 5-15; occurs often from a previous infection with Epstein-Barr (mono); affects lymph nodes closer to the surface:

Back 26

Hodgkin's disease

Front 27

Diagnostic test for leukemia; very painful. Usually done on the iliac crest or sternum in kids (also monitors effectiveness of therapy):

Back 27

Bone marrow aspiration

Front 28

This type of treatment is best for neuroblastomas that have metastasized to the bones or brain:

Back 28

Palliative

Front 29

Should a neutropenic child be placed in a hospital room by themselves or with other children from the unit?

Back 29

Private room

Front 30

True or false: A child with leukemia can ONLY have low WBC counts, never too high.

Back 30

False - can sometimes be too high but it is rare

Front 31

A lymph system malignancy that occurs mainly prior to puberty and affects B-lymphocytes:

Back 31

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Front 32

Type of leukemia that yields a 50% cure rate; immature myelocytes are seen in blood and bone marrow:

Back 32

Acute myelogenous leukemia

Front 33

What does radiation do for a neuroblastoma?

Back 33

Shrinks tumor for surgical removal

Front 34

An increased fluid rate >1.5x the normal maintenance fluid recommendations and the encouragement of frequent voiding should be implemented for a chemo patient to prevent complications from this:

Back 34

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Front 35

True or false: Impending shock produces subtle changes in the early stages.

Back 35

True

Front 36

Are live or dead viruses contraindicated for children receiving chemo?

Back 36

Live

Front 37

How are bone tumors positively identified?

Back 37

Biopsy

Front 38

What is the most important nursing consideration to implement while caring for a child with a nephroblastoma (Wilm's Tumor)?

Back 38

Do not palpate abdomen!

Front 39

This is produced by growing bones and is elevated in children; if it is elevated in a child who is done growing, bone cancer is present:

Back 39

Serum alkaline phosphate

Front 40

What is the main clinical manifestation of Hodgkin's disease?

Back 40

Painless lymph node enlargement in groin, armpit, or clavicle

Front 41

This manifests as an abdominal mass that is firm, non-tender, and fixed to one side; hematuria and HTN are other major signs:

Back 41

Nephroblastoma (Wilm's Tumor)

Front 42

Drug given to increase the WBC count:

Back 42

Neupogen

Front 43

The abnormally functioning blast cells seen in leukemia spill into the blood and replace these:

Back 43

Normal WBCs, erythrocytes, and platelets

Front 44

How long does bone marrow suppression begin after chemo is started?

Back 44

7-10 days

Front 45

Management for leukemia that is done if a patient can't be kept in remission or in the case of induction failure; done for high-risk presentation:

Back 45

Bone marrow transplant

Front 46

True or false: A hard-bristled toothbrush should be used on a chemo patient with stomatitis to prevent plaque buildup and gingivitis.

Back 46

False - soft bristled

Front 47

Where is the most common site for lymph node enlargement in Hodgkin's disease?

Back 47

Cervical nodes or supraclavicular nodes

Front 48

A bone tumor that affects the diaphysis of long bones; pain, masses, and fractures result. Affects 5-20 year olds and mostly Caucasians:

Back 48

Ewing's Sarcoma

Front 49

These cells are markers for Hodgkin's disease:

Back 49

Reed-Sternberg cells

Front 50

What is unique about the location of a neuroblastoma?

Back 50

It crosses the midline of the body

Front 51

The second most common malignant tumor in children; happens at about 2 years to 10 years of age; originates from nerve tissue and is advanced at first diagnosis:

Back 51

Neuroblastoma

Front 52

Given to stimulate granulocyte production; given until the ANC count is >10,000. NOT given within 48 hours of chemo because the chemo will destroy the drug:

Back 52

Neupogen

Front 53

What is the main thing to watch for in a thrombocytopenic patient?

Back 53

Spontaneous bleeding

Front 54

These drugs should be avoided during chemo to decrease risk of bleeding; this should be given instead:

Back 54

Aspirin & NSAIDs should be avoided; Tylenol or acetaminophen can be given

Front 55

Management of leukemia done for high risk patients only; done for proven CNS involvement. Has many risks, especially for younger children:

Back 55

Cranial irradiation

Front 56

The (younger, older) the child with neuroblastoma, the better the prognosis:

Back 56

Younger

Front 57

Most common and most curable form of leukemia; immature lymphocytes are seen in blood and bone marrow. Has a 75% cure rate:

Back 57

Acute lymphoid leukemia

Front 58

What is the period of time in which siblings of cancer/chemo patients should have a live vaccine before coming in contact with the patient?

Back 58

1 month

Front 59

Malignancy that arises from skeletal muscle; found in bones, muscles, cartilage, and fat:

Back 59

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Front 60

Also called "Cat's Eyes" and is a symptom of retinoblastoma; there is an abnormal red reflex seen in one eye only on photos:

Back 60

Leukocoria

Front 61

Are dogs and cats okay to have around a child with cancer on chemo? Reptiles? Birds?

Back 61

Dogs and cats are okay, get rid of the birds and reptiles

Front 62

What is the first sign of infection even before a fever develops?

Back 62

Tachycardia

Front 63

If a child has neuroblastoma in this location, they may have periorbital edema or exophthalmus:

Back 63

Cerebrum