Ssc Ams Test 4 - Gi

Front 1

These types of foods, like processed and pickled foods, have these in them which contribute to the development of esophageal cancer:

Back 1

Nitrosamine and nitrates

Front 2

Long-term untreated GERD can cause this type of cancer because of the chronic exposure to stomach acid:

Back 2

Esophageal cancer

Front 3

Where do esophageal tumors usually come from, which allows the tumor to grow rapidly and spread quickly?

Back 3

Esophageal epithelium

Front 4

Exposure to this promotes a very high risk for the development of basal cell carcinomas?

Back 4

Sunlight

Front 5

Where do basal cell carcinomas usually form? Are they symptomatic or asymptomatic at first?

Back 5

Lips; asymptomatic

Front 6

How may metastasis of gastric cancer present itself?

Back 6

Hepatomegaly, enlarged lymph nodes

Front 7

What heart rhythm should the post-op esophageal surgery patient be monitored for due to manipulation of the thoracic cavity?

Back 7

Atrial fibrillation

Front 8

Where does esophageal cancer easily spread to, causing a high rate of metastasis?

Back 8

Lymphatic system

Front 9

Test that measures urinary excretion of vitamin B12 for diagnosing pernicious anemia and a variety of other malabsorption problems:

Back 9

Schilling test

Front 10

Diarrhea that occurs from drinking in between meals as a result of interruption of the vagal nerve during esophageal surgery; managed with Imodium:

Back 10

Vagotomy syndrome

Front 11

What are the two most common manifestations of malabsorption syndrome?

Back 11

Diarrhea, steatorrhea

Front 12

What is the highest priority for the post-op esophageal surgery patient?

Back 12

Prevention of pulmonary problems

Front 13

This laparascopic procedure can be done if esophageal cancer is caught early:

Back 13

Minimally invasive esophagectomy

Front 14

Removal of part of the esophagus and stomach:

Back 14

Esophagogastrectomy

Front 15

Removal of all or part of the esophagus:

Back 15

Esophagectomy

Front 16

Textile workers, plumbers, coal miners, and metal workers are more likely to develop these because of exposure to carcinogenic chemicals:

Back 16

Oral cancers

Front 17

True or false: The post-op esophageal surgery patient should ingest fluids separately from solid foods to keep risk for aspiration to a minimum.

Back 17

True

Front 18

Most common type of tumor found in colorectal cancer; develops from the glandular epithelial tissue of the colon:

Back 18

Adenocarcinoma

Front 19

What are common early signs and symptoms of gastric cancer? Which are MOST common?

Back 19

Indigestion, abdominal discomfort, *epigastric and back pain (most common)

Front 20

After what type of surgery does malabsorption syndrom commonly occur?

Back 20

Gastric

Front 21

This cancer of the GI tract has a high mortality rate and is fast growing, making it easy to metastasize. The tumor is usually pretty advanced by the time it is discovered:

Back 21

Esophageal cancer

Front 22

What is the most important nursing intervention for the post-op patient recovering from surgery for oral cancer?

Back 22

Airway maintenance

Front 23

True or false: In malabsorption syndrome, the area of the intestine where the problem is occuring will depend on which nutrients aren't being absorbed.

Back 23

True

Front 24

The inability of the gut to absorb nutrients due to problems with the intestinal mucosa:

Back 24

Malabsorption syndrome

Front 25

True or false: If an oral cancer lesion is small enough, it can be removed surgically using local anesthesia.

Back 25

True

Front 26

If the gene for this type of cancer is found in your blood, preventive treatment is an option:

Back 26

Colorectal cancer

Front 27

Removal of the colon; patient may receive a colostomy along with this procedure:

Back 27

Colectomy

Front 28

Surgery done for rectal tumors: involves the removal of the sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus:

Back 28

Abdominal peritoneal resection

Front 29

These two habits, especially in combination, increase the risk of developing oral cancers:

Back 29

Smoking & alcohol use

Front 30

What is the definitive test used to confirm a diagnosis of gastric cancer?

Back 30

EGD

Front 31

This STD is commonly seen in the development of oral cancers like squamous cell carcinomas:

Back 31

HPV

Front 32

What is the early symptom of a squamous cell carcinoma?

Back 32

Mucosal erythroplasia (red, raised, and eroded lesions)

Front 33

Where does colorectal cancer usually spread to?

Back 33

Liver

Front 34

What position should the post-op esophageal surgery patient be placed in to eat? How often should they be fed?

Back 34

Upright; six small feedings daily

Front 35

The most common of the oral cancers; usually found on the lips, tongue, cheek, and oropharynx. Occurs over many years due to cell changes that take place in the oral cavity:

Back 35

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 36

What radiologic test is done first in a patient suspected of having gastric cancer?

Back 36

Double contrast upper GI series

Front 37

This will provide temporary but immediate relief from dysphagia; stents are used to keep the esophagus open and prophylactic antibiotics are given to prevent endocarditis:

Back 37

Esophageal dilation

Front 38

Used if surgery for esophageal cancer isn't an option; is palliative. A drug is introduced to cancer cells; a light activates the drug and destroys cancer cells:

Back 38

Photodynamic therapy

Front 39

More extensive oral cancer lesions may require these:

Back 39

Partial or total removal of the tongue and/or mandible

Front 40

After a J-tube is removed for a post-op esophageal surgery patient, what would their diet consist of? What must we make sure is absent using a cine-esophagram study?

Back 40

Liquids progressing to solids; leakage at surgical site must be absent

Front 41

What is the goal of radiation for oral cancers?

Back 41

Remove tumor while preserving function and appearance

Front 42

How often should oral care be done for a patient with oral cancer?

Back 42

Every two hours and after meals

Front 43

Why is radiation used to treat esophageal cancer if chemo isn't involved?

Back 43

Palliatively

Front 44

What are the usual chemo agents used to treat esophageal cancer?

Back 44

5FU & Cisplain

Front 45

What is the most important non-surgical intervention for the patient with esophageal cancer?

Back 45

Nutrition therapy

Front 46

What is the most definitive radiologic test done to confirm diagnosis of esophageal cancer?

Back 46

Esophageal ultrasound

Front 47

What type of diet should a patient at risk for dumping syndrome be on?

Back 47

High fat and protein, low carb

Front 48

How is the post-op esophageal surgery patient usually started on a feeding regimen?

Back 48

Jejunostomy tube

Front 49

What is the most common first sign and symptom of colorectal cancer?

Back 49

Change in bowel habits and stool

Front 50

This is a very important part of a screening for colorectal cancer:

Back 50

Fecal occult blood test

Front 51

Will the stool of a gastric cancer patient be positive or negative for occult blood?

Back 51

Positive

Front 52

An opening in the abdomen so that the patient can remove wastes:

Back 52

Colostomy

Front 53

These drugs can actually decrease the risk of colon cancer:

Back 53

NSAIDs

Front 54

How can dumping syndrome be prevented?

Back 54

Small meals, liquids between meals only

Front 55

What should you do if you notice your post-op patient having signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome?

Back 55

Position supine, call MD

Front 56

This is the most common oral lesion; seen most commonly in men:

Back 56

Leukoplakia

Front 57

A rapid emptying of food into the small intestine; occurs within 30 minutes of the patient eating. Manifested as vertigo, tachycardia, pallor, palpitations, syncope, and sweating:

Back 57

Dumping syndrome

Front 58

If the carcinoembryonic antigen is elevated in an adult, what is usually the cause:

Back 58

Cancer

Front 59

Having previous gastric surgeries can increase the risk of developing this cancer due to increased risk of getting gastritis:

Back 59

Gastric

Front 60

What is the priority nursing intervention for someone with an oral cancer?

Back 60

Airway maintenance

Front 61

Inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis can predispose someone to this type of cancer:

Back 61

Colorectal

Front 62

Does the consumption of foods that (increase, decrease) bowel transit time predispose someone to colorectal cancer?

Back 62

Increase

Front 63

Surgical procedure for colorectal cancer involving removal of the tumor and regional lymph nodes:

Back 63

Colon resection

Front 64

What is the chemo drug of choice for colorectal cancer?

Back 64

5FU with or without leucovorin

Front 65

Does colorectal cancer occur more commonly in families?

Back 65

Yes

Front 66

This type of non-surgical management is almost always included for treatment of rectal cancer:

Back 66

Radiation

Front 67

Solution applied to the mouth of a high-risk for oral cancers patient; if the lesion turns the color of the solution, it is cancer (false positive results with inflammation):

Back 67

Toluidine blue

Front 68

Where are erythroplakia lesions usually seen in the mouth?

Back 68

Floor of mouth, tongue, palate, mandibular mucosa

Front 69

Red velvety mucosal lesions on the oral mucosa; likely to become malignant:

Back 69

Erythroplakia

Front 70

What is the definitive method for diagnosing oral cancers?

Back 70

Biopsy

Front 71

Surgery for gastric cancer in which the lower portion of the stomach is removed and a loop of the jejunum is brought up and attached to the side of the stomach:

Back 71

Billroth II

Front 72

Chronic gastritis, lack of intrinsic factor (pernicious anemia), stomach polyps, achlorhydria, ingesting salt & nitrates that increases the risk of this cancer:

Back 72

Gastric

Front 73

How often should oral care be performed for a patient with an NG tube?

Back 73

Every 2-4 hours

Front 74

True or false: NG tubes should be repositioned and irrigated for the post-op esophageal surgery patient:

Back 74

F

Front 75

What will the NG tube drainage look like initially in the post-op esophageal surgery patient? By the end of the first post-op day?

Back 75

Bloody; greenish

Front 76

What should be done if there is leaking of the anastamosis of the post-op esophageal surgery patient?

Back 76

Call MD, keep patient NPO

Front 77

Surgery for gastric cancer in which there is a partial removal of the stomach and the duodenum is attached to the colon:

Back 77

Billroth 1

Front 78

One of the main causes of gastric cancer; happens because of chronic inflammation:

Back 78

H. pylori

Front 79

Gastric cancers are usually either ____ (contained) or ____ (scattered):

Back 79

Intestinal; diffuse

Front 80

Are the lesions of leukoplakia caused by slowly or rapidlly developing changes in the oral mucosa:

Back 80

Slowly

Front 81

Name several causes of leukoplakia:

Back 81

Long term mouth irritation; poorly fitting dentures, chronic cheek chewing, broken teeth, HIV, and tobacco use

Front 82

What is the definitive method to identify colorectal cancer:

Back 82

Colonoscopy

Front 83

What is the treatment of choice for a patient with a gastric cancer?

Back 83

Surgery - a total or subtotal gastrectomy

Front 84

This, or greasy fatty stools. May be seen in someone with colorectal cancer:

Back 84

Steatorrhea

Front 85

What type of carcinoma usually causes gastric cancer?

Back 85

Adenocarcinoma

Front 86

A small percentage of leukoplakia lesions are more likely to become malignant after about ____ years:

Back 86

8

Front 87

Where are leukoplakia lesions in relation to the mouth most likely to become malignant?

Back 87

Lips and tongue

Front 88

Term for rectal bleeding:

Back 88

Hematochezia

Front 89

The survival rate for this cancer is low; usually advanced by the time of detection. Usually spread through the wall of the stomach and into the lymphatic system:

Back 89

Gastric cancer

Front 90

Thick white firmly attached slightly raised and sharply circumcised patches in the oral mucosa that cannot be removed by scraping; resembles thrush:

Back 90

Leukoplakia

Front 91

True or false: Basal cell carcinoma is likely to spread.

Back 91

False

Front 92

Presence of these, found in the large intestine & rectum, can predispose somenoe to colorectal cancer:

Back 92

Polyps

Front 93

What is the first diagnostic test done when a patient is suspected of having esophageal cancer?

Back 93

Barium swallow

Front 94

This oral cancer starts as a small scabbed area that doesn't heal and advances to an ulcerated area with a pearly border:

Back 94

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 95

True or false: Chemo given for gastric cancer is less potent when given in combination with two chemo agents.

Back 95

False

Front 96

After what age do most colorectal cancers develop?

Back 96

Age 50

Front 97

Word for painful swallowing:

Back 97

Odynophagia

Front 98

If your stool is progressively getting narrower, what could be the cause?

Back 98

Colon tumor

Front 99

Where do colorectal cancers initially begin? Where do they eventually spread to in order to make their way to the liver?

Back 99

Mucosa of the colon; spreads to lymph system

Front 100

What are the three most common clinical manifestations of colorectal cancer?

Back 100

Change in bowel habits, anemia, and rectal bleeding

Front 101

Presence of this gene has been known to cause esophageal cancer:

Back 101

P53

Front 102

Studies have shown that women who take these have a decreased risk of developing colorectal cancer:

Back 102

Hormone replacement, oral contraceptives

Front 103

Does the adenocarcinoma of colon cancer take a slow time (years) to develop or is it rapidly developing?

Back 103

Slow

Front 104

Where would you assess for leakage in the post-op esophageal surgery patient? When will it occur after surgery?

Back 104

Anastamosis site; 2-10 days