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49 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Liming the soil _____ the base saturation
raises it
Organic N ferts are the ______ quality as chemical ferts
same
The most important part of liming compound
anions
gypsum doesn't work as a liming agent because
the sulfates are soluble
fertilzer used as explosive
ammonium nitrate
first chemical manufactured in the US
ammonium sulfate
most popular N fert soil in CA
anhydrous ammonia
highest grade of solid N fert
urea
base forming N ferts
calcium cynamid (CaCN2) nitrates (Ca, K, Na)
First N fert produced in USA was a by product of the
coking process
most base forming N fert
Ca Cyanamid
serious problem with ammonium ferts
volatilization
gypsum effect on saline soils
none
Good starter ferts
APS, MAP
Bad starter ferts
CaCN2, DAP
Ammonium fertilizers are considered acid forming because
of nitrification
the quality of liming material depends on its
CCE and fineness
Common characteristic of most base forming N ferts is
contains nitrates
Ammonium ferts are more popular than nitrate ferts because
cost is lower per lb of N
Most SRNF are based on
urea
how fast SRNF breaks down is measured by
activity index
The reaction of the haber process
N2 + 2H2 yields 2NH3 under high pressure and heat (500atm and 500C)
how ammonia affects the soil structure
reduces aggregate stability by dispersing clay, it is rebuilt by microbes
how ammonia affects the pH
first it increases when it reacts with water, then it decreases as protons are given off during nitrification
eutectic
when two solid ferts react and form a liquid
2 ferts that are eutectic
urea and ammonia nitrate
advantage of MAP over ammonium nitrate
good starter fert and contains P
disadvantage of MAP over ammonium nitrate
only has one for on N and lower solubility
Advantage of USA over UAN 32
herbicide, contains sulfur, used to clean lines, wont volatilize
two N ferts with herbicidal prop
AN 20 and USA
SNRF methods
organic resin coating, sulfur coating, increase size or density, inorganic with low solubilty, alter organic structure
Organic resin coating
resin digested by microbes, osmocote
increased size or density
agriform pellets the size of golf balls
inorganic with low solubility
MagAMP
Coat with sulfur
digested by certain microbes, lowers ph around pellets, sulfur coated urea
alter organic structure
Urea formaldehyde
advantages of SNRF
prevents leaching, less pollution, lower salt effect
disadvantages of SRNF
higher cost, higeher energy inputs, hard to control
advantages of organic ferts
increase humus and build structure, increase the pore size
disadvantage of organic ferts
do not know the grade
N-Serve
slows the nitrification process for SRNF, less leaching occurs
Saline soil problems
there is not water availabel because the salts are holding it
Sodic soil problems
nutrients unavailable due to high ph, poor structure
calculation for PSI
salt index/%grade of nutrients
why does MAP have a lower SI than KCL
P has lwoer solubilty rate
CCE formula
equivalent weight Ca(CO3)2/equivalent weight of lime material times 100
reclaim saline soils
leach and dispose of drainage water, 12" of water will remove 70-80% of salts in 12" of soil
reclaim sodic soils
add gypsum and incorporate, leach and dispose of drainage water
reclaim saline sodic soils
add gypsum and incorporate, do not leach due to poor structure