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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Maximum inspiration at end of tidal inspiration is what?
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TV - Tidal Volume
Q#2 Average values are how many L? Male = Female = |
Male = 3L
Female = 1.9L |
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Most useful pulmonary function test
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Spirometry
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Indications for pfts
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Lung disease
chronic cough or dyspnea chest pain bronchodilator treatment measurement Basically any reason to evaluate what the lungs can do |
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FEV1 is normal but FVC is reduced
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Restrictive lung Dz
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FEV1 is lower than normal
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Obstructive lung Dz
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What increase in FEV1 signifies a positive response to bronchodilator treatment?
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12 %
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If the pt's spo2 drops by 4% during a six-minute walking test
(and the spo2 has dropped below 93%) then this is a significant desaturation what is this test meant to evaluate? |
Adequacy of supplemental oxygen
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When determining the degree of obstructive lung disease
what loss of FEV1 is considered severe? |
<40%
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This disease involves
Goblet cell hyperplasia mucus plugging of small airways hypertrophy of smooth muscle and denudation of airway epithelium |
Asthma
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Common precipitators include
common allergens & other nonspecific triggers like GERD weather stress U.R.I. sinusitis |
Asthma attacks
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Symptoms for this Dz are:
Frequently Worsen at Night .......other physical exam findings include: ...... Nasal Mucosal Swelling Increased secretions Nasal polyps Eczema Atopic Dermatitis or Other Allergic Skin Disorders Reduced Breath Sounds |
Asthma
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This test's usefulness is limited to
establishing peak flow variability quantifying asthma severity and providing the patient and clinician with objective measurements on which to base treatment. |
PEFR
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What are the most effective bronchodilators during asthma exacerbations?
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Short acting.
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In regards to medication
what is one way to determine if asthma is uncontrolled? |
If patient is using daily or
more than one canister monthly |
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How long do long acting beta2 agonists last?
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12 hours
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What FEV distinguishes between moderate and severe asthma?
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Less than <60% of predicted is severe
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What
PREDICTED - FEV (PEFR) distinguishes between moderate and mild/intermittent? |
≥ 70%
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The normal FEV/FVC decreases by how much every twenty years
starting at 85% in years 8-19? |
5%
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What drug class is indicated for exercise induced asthma?
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Mast Cell Stabalizer
ie: Cromolyn |
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What asthma severity class are
leukotriene modifiers indicated for? |
Mild persistent
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This asthma severity is usually cared for at home
there is prompt relief with inhaled short-acting beta2-agonists and a possible short course of oral systemic corticosteroids. |
Mild
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What is the minimum PEFR
for classification into mild asthma exacerbation severity? |
≥ 70%
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CMDT PG220
T 9-3 bottom |
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What PEFR is considered a moderate asthma exacerbation?
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40 to 69 %
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cmdt pg 220
T 9-3 |
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A patient has a PEFR of less than 40%
What is the severity category? |
Severe
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What PEFR indicates a life threatening asthma exacerbation?
aka Respitory Failure Imminent? |
Less than 25%
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FEV stands for Forced Expiratory Volume, or the amount of air you can blow out of your lungs in one second.
FVC stands for Forced Vital Capacity, or the total amount of air you can blow out. FEV1/FVC is the ratio that compares the amount you can blow out quickly to the total amount your lungs can blow ou |
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What toxic exposure inhibits acetylcholinesterase and causes wheezing
pulmonary edema and respiratory failure? |
Organophosphates
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If you find rhonchi
decreased breath sounds and prolonged expiration what differentiates between Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema? |
Chronic Bronchitis = Sputum Production
Emphysema = Chronic Cough & Dyspnea |
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What is the only drug therapy documented to improve natural Hx of COPD?
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O2 therapy
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When should antibiotics be used for acute COPD exacerbation?
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Suspected infection
use broad spectrum |
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Consists of a graded exercise program and inspiratory muscle training.
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Pulmonary rehab
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What surgical option for COPD can IMPROVE-EXERCISE-TOLERANCE in emphysema patients?
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Lung volume reduction
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What surgical option can REDUCE-DYSPNEA in the emphysematous patient?
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Bullectomy
info+ |
excision of giant bullae from the lung in emphysema to improve pulmonary function
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What action might be indicated for patients with 2+ COPD exacerbations with treatment
long term o2 therapy or comorbid illness? |
Refer to pulmonology
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What should be done for the COPD patient who has an
inability to sleep or maintain nutrition? |
Admit
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What disease causes chronic cough
and is characterized by recurrent infections foul smelling sputum and dilated thickened airways on xray? |
Bronchiectasis
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What disease causes
steatorrhea diarrhea abdominal pain along with cough sputum production and decreased exercise tolerance? May also complain of facial pain and nasal discharge. |
Cystic fibrosis
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What disease is characterized by
dyspnea cough fine late-inspiratory crackles digital clubbing and patchy distribution of infiltrates "honey-comb" lung on xray? |
Interstitial lung disease
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Transbronchial biopsy is used for diagnosing what conditions?
5ct H+ |
It could reveal findings of:
Langerhans Lymph carcinoma Miliary TB Pulmon proteinosis Sarcoidosis Langerhans cell histiocytosis Lymphangitic spread of carcinoma Miliary TB Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis Sarcoidosis |
L
L M P S |
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What is the
most-common-diagnosis among patients with interstitial lung disease? |
Idiopathic fibrosing interstitial pneumonia
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