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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gastric Emptying (GE)
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1. Rate at which substances (foods and fluids) leave stomach into small intestine.
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Absorption
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1. Transport of Nutrients from intestine to blood/lymph systems.
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Motility
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1. movement of food through GI tract by muscular contraction of intestine.
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Transit Time
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1. period of time food remains in GI trat (1-3 days)
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Brush border
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1. Microvilli on the villa of intestine
2. Help increase surface area for increased absorption |
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Portal Vein
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1. transport vein from Intestinal cells to liver
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Lipid-bile micelles
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1. Structure that contains fatty acid and cholesterol.
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Chylomicrons
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1. Packages of long chain fatty acid and cholesterol for transport from Brush border to liver surrounded by protein.
2. Allow movement of fat and cholesterol in bloodstream. |
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Duodenum versus ileum versus jejunum
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1. Most digestion here - Duodenum
2. Mostly absorption, some digestion - Jejunum 3. All absorption - ileum |
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Where is bile produced and what is it used for?
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1. LIVER
2. used to break down fats |
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Where is sodium bicarbonate produced and what is it used for?
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1. Pancreas
2. used to buffer HCl |
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Where is HCl produced and what is it used for?
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1. Stomach
2. used to break down proteins. |
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What is passive diffusion?
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1. Requires concentration gradient
2. High-low |
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What is facilitated diffusion?
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1. Requires carrier protein and concentration gradient
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What is active transport?
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1. Requires carrier protein and energy
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What is endocytosis?
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1. cell membrane surrounds and engulfs small molecules.
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Digestion
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1. Food broken down into smaller units, enzymes released (4-6 hrs).
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