Sports Midterm Chapter 7: Group And Team Dynamics

Front 1

• Group

Back 1

o Two or more people who interact with, and exert mutual influence on, each other
o A sense of mutual interaction or interdependence for a common purpose distinguishes a group from a mere collection of individuals

Front 2

Four characteristics of teams

Back 2

 Collective sense of identity
 Distinctive roles
 Structured modes of communication
 Norms

Front 3

Four-stage linear process of a group becoming a team

Back 3

 Forming
• Get to know each other
 Storming
• Assign individual roles
 Norming
• Work out significant differences of opinion
 Performing
• Play sport

Front 4

• Sport Psychology advice to teams

Back 4

o Be socially supportive of each other
 Mutual support, respect
o Help athletes bond with one another
 “Proximity”
 Feel unified as a team
o Give an athlete a feeling of distinctiveness
 Logos, mottos, sayings
 Uniforms
o Fairness
 Make sure each athlete feels they are being treated fairly by each other, coaches
o Similarity
 Team members need to work together

Front 5

• Cyclical theory

Back 5

o Birth, life, and death of teams
o Teams psychologically prepare themselves for their own breakups

Front 6

• Pendular theory

Back 6

o Teams possess an inherent static development that is unresponsive to the demands of the environment
o Shifts in interpersonal relationships

Front 7

• Ringelmann effect

Back 7

o Individual performance decreases as the number of people in the group increases

Front 8

• Social loafing

Back 8

o An athlete puts forth less than 100% of their effort due to losses of motivation
o To counter:
 must emphasize individual importance to the team
 Talk with them privately, do not humiliate in front of others, “put them on the spot”
 Put players in different positions
 Divide the team into smaller units
 Determine specific situations in which it occurs