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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics of a sponge |
Asymmetrical/radial, three types of cells, and central cavity/opening |
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Pinacoytes |
Thin flat cells that line the outer surface of sponges. Some are specialized into porocytes that regulate water circulation |
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Amoebid |
Contained in jelly like mesophyl layer. Function in reproduction secreting skeletal elements |
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Choanocytes |
Collar cells lining inner chamber flag elated with microvilli. Flagella create water current and the collar of microvilli filters food particles
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Sponge skeletons may be made of needle like spikes called |
Spicules |
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Spicules are made of, and are formed by |
Calcium carbonate and amoebid cells |
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Some sponges have skeletons made of.. |
Spongin which is made of collagen. Spongins are the sponges used for cleaning |
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Ascon sponges |
Vase like shape. Openings of porocytes are called ostia. Which lead directly into the spongocoel (inner chamber) which is lined with choanocytes. Water is drawn through the ostia and exits through the osculum (large opening at top) |
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Sycon sponge |
Outer Wall appears folded. Water enters through the dermal. Which are openings of incurrent canals that are connected to radial canals through pores. Radial canals are lined with choanocytes and lead to the spongocel. The spongocel has a osculum. |
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Leucon body forn |
Contains an extensively branched canal system. Water enters through the ostia and then enters incurrent canals. Which lead to choanocyte chambers and leaves through the excurrent canals. No spongocel is present there are multiple oscula |
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What do sponges feed on? |
Bacteria, microscopic algae, protists and other microscopic orgnasims |
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What does the genus Asbetopluma eat? |
Small crusteaceans |
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How do sponges help the ecosystem? |
By filtering and reducing turbity |
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How much water can a 1cm by 10cm sponge filter? |
20 liters |
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How is food filtered and trapped |
Choanocyte cells trapped by food vacoules |
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How much nutrients is absorbed? |
Phagosized which engulfs whole and enzymes start to break down. Or by active transport |
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How does gas exchange occur? |
Diffusion |
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Do sponges have a nervous system for cell to cell communication? |
No cells respond to stimuli in the environment to regulate activites. The methods of communications are unknown. |
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Most sponges are monoecious which means... |
Both semester occur in one organism. Egg and sperm are produced at different times to prevent self fertilization. Sperm exit one sponge through its osculum and are transfered to egg by amoebid choanocytes. Eggs are stored in the mesohl and sperm are derived from meiotic. |
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What are some characteristics of Cnidaria (jellyfish)? |
Mostly marine animals that posses radial or bilateral symmetry. Diploblastic organization with true tissues gastrovascular cavity present, nerve net present |
