Spinal Cord And Spinal Nerves

Front 1

Functions of spinal cord

Back 1

spinal cord reflexes

integration (summation of inhibitory and excitatory)

nerve impulseshighway for upward and downward travel of sensory and motor informationAscending and Descending Tracts.

Front 2

Meninges

Back 2

are three coverings that run continuously around the spinal cord and brain: dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

Front 3

Subarachnoid space

Back 3

space is filled with CSF.Removal of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space is called a spinal tap (lumbar puncture).

Front 4

Where the spinal cord begins and ends

Back 4

begins as a continuation of the medulla oblongata and terminates at about the second lumbar vertebra in an adult

Front 5

Endoneurium

Back 5

tissue covering of each nerve fiber

Front 6

Perineurium

Back 6

tissue covering of around nerve fascicle

Front 7

Epineurium

Back 7

tissue covering around entire nerve

Front 8

Dorsal or posterior root is used for

Back 8

incoming sensory fibers (Afferent)

Front 9

Ventral or anterior root is used for

Back 9

outgoing motor fibers. (Efferent)

Front 10

Gray matter

Back 10

Contains neuron cell bodies, unmyelinated axons & dendrites. It receives and integrates incoming and outgoing information. where spinal reflexes occur.

Front 11

Central canal is continuous with

Back 11

4th ventricle of brain

Front 12

White Matter of the Spinal Cord contain

Back 12

Myelinated axons

Front 13

white matter tracts

Back 13

bundles of nerve axons that have a common origin or destination and carry similar information. Also called highways for nerve impulse conduction to and from the brain

Front 14

Sensory Tracts

Back 14

Are (ascending) tracts that conduct nerve impulses toward the brain.

Front 15

Motor Tracts

Back 15

Are (descending) tracts conduct impulses down the cord.

Front 16

reflex

Back 16

is a fast, predictable, automatic response to changes in the environment that helps to maintain homeostasis. They may be spinal, cranial, somatic, or autonomic.

Front 17

5 components of reflex arc

Back 17

receptor sensory neuronintegrating centermotor neuroneffector

Front 18

reflex arc

Back 18

is the simplest type of pathway; pathways are specific neuronal circuits and thus include at least one synapse.

Front 19

Somatic spinal reflexes include the

Back 19

stretch reflex, tendon reflex, flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and crossed extensor reflex; all exhibit reciprocal innervation.

Front 20

Dorsal rami spinal nerves supply

Back 20

skin & muscles of back

Front 21

ventral rami form plexus supply

Back 21

anterior trunk & limbs

Front 22

meningeal branches supply

Back 22

meninges, vertebrae & BV

Front 23

The skin over the entire body is supplied by spinal nerves that carry...

Back 23

somatic sensory nerves impulses into the spinal cord.