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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what vertebrare is associated with jefferson fracture?
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atlas vertebrae c1
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what vertebrae is the location of the odontoid fracture?
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axis c2
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what are the types of the odontoid?
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type 1- top
type 2- middle type 3- lower all poor healing |
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what are the two types of fracture of the c2 axis vertebrae?
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hangmans
odontoid |
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what is an issue with hangmans fracture
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movement
its an unstable fracture that need to be stabilzied |
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lordotic curve?
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C shape in cervial and lumbar
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kyfoid curve?
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> shaped in the thoracic
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facets in sagital plane?
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lumbar
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facets in coronal plane?
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throacic
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intervertebral disk two parts?
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nucleus pulposis-middle
annulus fibrosis- outer part |
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type 1 collagen instead of normal type 2 collagen in annular fibrousus is from what and leads to what?
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loss of hydration
leads to protrusion of nucleaus pulposus |
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where does spinal cord usually end?
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L2
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where does spinal canal end?
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S2
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where does cervical nerves exit?
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above corresponding vertebral body
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where do throracic and lumbar nerves exit
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below their vertebral bodies
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how many pairs of nerve roots are there?
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31
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what give a radiular pattern?
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nerve root compression
dermatomal pattern of either weaknes or pain or both |
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what does positive spurling indicate
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radicular pattern usually means nerve root compression
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what is the myelopathic pattern
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long tract signs spinal cord compression
can have both myelopathy and radiculapathy |
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what signs are positive in myelopathic pattern?
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lhermittes, hoffmans, clonus, and positive babinkski
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what is lhermittes sign
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head back pain down back and out the arms
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what is hoffmans
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flick second digit and thumb flexes
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thumb innervation
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C6
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digit 1 and 2 innervation
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C7
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pink and wring finger digits 3 and 4
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C8
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bicep reflex
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C5
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tricep reflex?
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C7
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brachioradialis reflex?
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C6
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what does positive SLR indicate
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lower nerve roots of lumbar compressed
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what does positive reverse SLR indicate
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upper nerve root compressed of lumbar
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butt pain down back of thigh
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L4
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what are signs of myelopathy?
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UMN signs
spasticity diffuse, weakness gait issues |
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what is most common problem in lumbar?
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L5/S1
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foot drag?
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weak plantar flexion L5/S1 problem
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what are some disease that mimic spinal issues?
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intrinsic shoulder path
intrinsic hip patholog lou gehrigs disease(ALS) MS parsonage-turner syndrome |
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how can you differentiate between joint issues and spinal issue
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more pain with movement and more pain when stretched usually associated with joint path
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acute shoulder pain that progresses to to weakness with winging of scapula, not spinal origin?
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parsonage-turner sndrome
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ankles give way?
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L5/S1
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