Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
axons ascend thru cribiform plate and end at>> |
olfactory receptors |
|
|
dendrites project cilia called ____________ into nasal cavity |
olfactory hairs |
|
|
site where odorants stimulate a graded potential toward soma |
transduction |
|
|
baby or growing olfactory neurons (constantly regenerating) |
basal stem cells |
|
|
secrete mucus to help with the physical tasting of odorants |
Olfactory or Bowman's glands |
|
|
What is found: -only in the superior concha and superior nasal septum -directly exposed to external -life span is 30-60 days |
olfactory mucosa |
|
|
name four types of papillae |
filiform foliate fungiform vallate |
|
|
main part of tongue, tiny spikes w/o tastebuds that give tongue rough feel |
filiform |
|
|
parallel ridges on the side of tongue, taste buds disappear after 2-3 years old |
foliate |
|
|
highly concentrated at the tip or sides of tongue -a little bit back -mushroom shaped with several taste buds on each |
fungiform |
|
|
most dorsal, largest, v-shaped at rear of tongue -each person has 7-12 -contain half of all our taste buds |
vallate |
|
|
epithelial cells that physically connect to underlying nerve fibers -have taste hair at apex |
taste cells |
|
|
-Do not have taste hairs -don't serve in taste sensation |
Supporting cells |
|
|
Peripherally oriented cells that become taste cells |
Basal cells |
|
|
for taste to happen, saliva must be present and dissolve the molecules into _________ |
taste pores |
|
|
5 primary taste sensations |
salty sweet sour bitter Umami |
|
|
Na, K, electrolytes |
salty |
|
|
CHO's |
sweet |
|
|
Acids |
sour |
|
|
bases |
bitter |
|
|
meaty |
Umami |
|
|
transport mucous membrane made of stratified columnar epithelium |
conjunctiva |
|
|
inner lining of eyelids |
Palpebral conjunctiva |
|
|
anterior lining of the eyeballs -dilation of blood vessels here causes bloodshot eyes |
bulbar conjunctiva |
|
|
Structure responsible for creating tears and drainage into nasal cavity |
lacrimal apparatus |
|
|
Move eyeballs up, down, left, right |
rectus muscles |
|
|
adduct and abduct opposite eyes and rotate the eyes as our head tilts |
obliques |
|
|
3 layered wall of eyeball |
Tunics |
|
|
admits and focuses on light |
Optical apparatus |
|
|
Retina and Optic nerve |
Neural apparatus |
|
|
Outermost layer of eyeball -consists of Sclera and Cornea |
Fibrous Tunic |
|
|
Consists of: -Choroid -Ciliary body -Iris |
Vascular Tunic |
|
|
pigmented layer behind retina -prevents light from scattering |
Choroid |
|
|
muscular ring that supports iris and lens |
ciliary body |
|
|
a diaphragm to adjust diameter of pupil |
Iris |
|
|
the retina |
Tunica interna |
|
|
Space between cornea and iris -filled with aqueous humor -fluid is reabsorbed here by ring like blood vessels |
Anterior chamber |
|
|
Space between iris and lens -filled with aqueous humor produced by ciliary bodies |
Posterior chamber |
|
|
Space posterior to lens |
Vitreous chamber |
|
|
clear outer covering of eye |
cornea |
|
|
serous fluid secreted by ciliary body |
aqueous humor |
|
|
forms from telencephalon of brain -only part of brain which can be viewed without dissection -attatches to optic disc -held in place by pressure from vitreous humor -gets nutrients and waste removal from choroid |
retina |
|
|
contains no receptor cells and produces blind spots |
optic disc |
|
|
nourishes all eye layers |
Choroid |
|
|
Secures lens to ciliary body |
Suspensory ligaments |
|
|
fibrous tunic/white |
Sclera |
|
|
area of retina that lacks photoreceptors |
optic disc |
|
|
muscular structure that manipulates the lens |
ciliary body |
|
|
Nutritive tunic of eye |
choroid |
|
|
Drains the aqueous humor from the eye |
Canal of Schlemm |
|
|
Tunic concerned with image formation |
retina |
|
|
2 smooth muscle sites of intrinsic eye muscles |
Iris/Ciliary body |
|
|
area of acute vision |
fovea centralis |
|
|
Refractory media of the eye in order |
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor |
|
|
these muscles cause constriction -PNS |
circular fibers |
|
|
causes dilation -SNS |
Radial fibers |
|
|
due to looking far to close or light intensity changes |
constriction |
|
|
refraction of light rays due to________ and ________ |
cornea and iris |
|
|
normal eye with light focused properly |
Emmetropic |
|
|
the focal point is in front of retina -nearsighted -conclave lenses |
Myopic eye |
|
|
Focal point is behind the retina -farsighted -convex lens |
-Hyperopic eye |
|
|
Close vision requires these three___________ |
Accommodation, Constriction, Convergence |
|
|
changing the lens shape by ciliary muscles to increase refractory power |
Accommodation |
|
|
pupillary reflex constricts pupils to prevent divergent light rays from entering the eye |
Constriction |
|
|
medial rotation of the eyeballs toward the object being viewed |
Convergence |
|
|
2 photoreceptor layers |
Rods/Cones |
|
|
responsible for night vision -no colors -coarse resolution and peripheral vision |
rods |
|
|
responsible for day vision -bright light -color |
cones |
|
|
three layers of retina |
Photoreceptor/bipolar cell layer/ganglion cell layer |
|
|
first order neurons where neuronal convergence starts in the eye |
bipolar cell layer |
|
|
2nd order neuron form optic nerve |
ganglion cell layer |
|
|
In rods, made up of opsin and retinal -Vitamin A |
Rhodopsin |
|
|
In cones, made up of three different opsin -blue -green -red |
Photopsin |
