Spanish I Final Exam

Front 2

When do you use the imperfect?

Back 2

To describe actions which are seen by the speaker as incomplete or "continuing" (movie).
1. Habitual or repeated actions
2. Events or actions that were in progress
3. Physical characteristics
4. Mental or emotional states
5. Telling time
6. Age

Front 3

What are some expressions commonly used with the imperfect?

Back 3

de nino/a (as a child), todos los dias (every day), mientras (while). These express habitual or repeated actions.

Front 4

What are the imperfect endings of regular ar verbs?

Back 4

-Ar
-aba
-abas
-aba
-abamos
-abais
-aban

Front 5

What are the imperfect endings of regular er and ir verbs?

Back 5

-Ar and Er
-ia
-ias
-ia
-iamos
-iais
-ian
All i's have accents

Front 6

Are there stem changes in the imperfect?

Back 6

No.

Front 7

What is the imperfect form of hay?

Back 7

Habia (with an accent) -there was; there were; there used to be.

Front 8

Which verbs are irregular in the imperfect? How are they conjugated?

Back 8

Ir (iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, ibais, iban), Ser (era, eras, era, eramos, erais, eran), and Ver (veia, veias, veia, veiamos, veiais, veian - all i's have an accent). For ir and ser the first letter in the nosotros form has an accent.

Front 9

When do you use the Preterite?

Back 9

For completed actions in a sequence, clear start or end of action.
1. Express actions that are viewed by the speaker as completed
2. Express the beginning or end of a a past action.
3. Narrate a series of past actions or events.

Front 10

What are the preterite of regular ar verbs?

Back 10

Ar
-e
-aste
-o
-amos
-asteis
-aron
Yo and el/ella forms have accents on endings.

Front 11

What are the preterite ending os regular er and ir verbs?

Back 11

Er and Ir
-i
-iste
-io
-imos
-isteis
-ieron
Accents on the endings of the yo and el/ella form

Front 12

Which type of verb with a stem change in the present has a stem change in the preterite? Ar, Er, or Ir.

Back 12

Just Ir verbs. ar and er verbs that have a stem chang ein the present tense are regular in the preterite. They do not have a stem change.

Front 13

How do verbs that end in -car, -gar, and -zar change in the yo form in the preterite?

Back 13

Buscar-> yo busque (accent on e)
llegar -> yo llegue (accent on e)
empezar -> yo empece (accent on e)

Except for the yo form, al other forms of -car, -gar, and -zar verbs are regular in the preterite.

Front 14

Which other verbs have spelling changes in the preterite?

Back 14

Creer, leer, and oir all have spelling changes in the preterite.
Creer - crei, creiste, creyo, creimos, creisteis, creyeron.
leer - lei, leiste, leyo, leimos, leisteis, leyeron.
Oir - oi, oiste, oyo, oimos, oisteis, oyeron.
The i of the verb endings carries an accent on yo, tu, nosotros, and vosotros forms, and changes to y in the el/ella and ellos/ellas forms.

Front 15

What are some words commonly used with the preterite?

Back 15

Anoche (last night), anteayer (the day before yesterdeay), ayer (yesterday), de repente (suddenly), desde...hasta...(from...until), pasado/a (adj) (last; past), el ano pasado (last year), la semana pasada (last week, una vez (once; one time), dos veces (twice; two times), ya (already).

Front 16

What are the different stems for irregular preterites?

Back 16

U-stem, i-stem, and j-stem.
Tener- tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, uvisteis, tuvieron.
Venir - vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron.
Decir- dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron.

Front 17

What are other u-stem verbs?

Back 17

Poder - pud - pude, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron.
Poner - pus - puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron.
Saber - sup - supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron.
Estar - estuv - estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron.

Front 18

What are other i- stem verbs

Back 18

querer - quis - quise, quisiste,quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron.
Hacer - hic - hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron.

Front 19

What are other j-stem verbs?

Back 19

Traer - traj - traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron.
Conducir - conduj - conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, condujisteis, condujeron.
Traducir - traduj - trajduje, tradujiste, tradujo, tradujimos, tradujisteis, tradujeron.

Front 20

What is the preterite of dar?

Back 20

di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron. No accents.

Front 21

What is the preterite of hay? (inf. haber)

Back 21

Hubo (there was; there were)

Front 22

What is the preterite of ser and ir?

Back 22

Ser (to be) and ir (to go) - fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron.

Front 23

What are the indirect object pronouns?

Back 23

me (to, for) me
te (to, for) you (fam)
le (to, for) you (form.)
(to, for) him; her
nos (to, for) us
os (to, for) you (fam.)
les (to, for) you (form.)
(to, for) them
*The forms of indirect object pronouns for the first and second persons (me, te, nos, os) are the same as the direct object pronouns. Indirect object pronouns agree in number with corresponding nouns, but not in gender.

Front 24

What do indirect object nouns and pronouns answer?

Back 24

An indirect object is a noun or pronoun that answers the question to whom or for whom an action is done.

Front 25

What irregular verbs are often used with direct and indirect object pronouns?

Back 25

Dar (to give) and decir are often used.
Dar
doy, das, da, damos, dais, dan.

Front 26

What are the direct object pronouns?

Back 26

me, te, lo/la, nos, os, los/las

Front 27

What is the present subjunctive used for?

Back 27

The present subjunctive mood expresses the speaker's attitudes towards events, as well as actions or states the speaker views as uncertain or hypothetical.

Front 28

What are the endings for present subjunctive of regular -ar verbs?

Back 28

Ar
-e
-es
-e
-emos
-eis (accent on e)
-en

Front 29

What are the endings for present subjunctive of regular -er and -ir verbs

Back 29

Er and Ir
-a
-as
-a
-amos
-ais (accent on the a)
-an

Front 30

What happens to verbs with irregular yo forms when in the subjunctive?

Back 30

Verbs with irregular yo forms show the same irregularity in all forms of the subjunctive.
Examples:
conducir - conduzca
conocer - conozca
decir- dija
hacer - haga
ofrecer 0 ofrezca
oir - oiga
parecer - parezca
poner - ponga
tener - tenga
traducir - traduzca
traer - traiga
venir - venga
ver - vea

Front 31

What happens to verbs with endings -car, -gar, and -zar in the present subjunctive?

Back 31

Verbs with -car, -gar, and -zar have a spelling change in all forms of the present subjunctive.
Examples:
sacar: saque, saques, saque, saquemos, saqueis, saquen.
jugar: juegue, juegues, juegue, juguemos, jugueis, jueguen
almorzar: almuerce, almuerces, almuerce, almorcemos, almorceis, almuercen

Front 32

What are the irregular verbs in the present subjunctive?

Back 32

Dar - de, des, de, demos, deis, den.
Estar - este, estes, este, estemos, esteis, esten.
Ir- vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayais, vayan.
Saber - sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepais, sepan.
Ser - sea, seas, sea, seamos, seais, sean.

Front 33

What are the uses of the subjunctive?

Back 33

Subjunctive is used to express:
1) will and influence,
2) emotion,
3) doubt, disbelief, and denial, and
4) indefiniteness and nonexistence.

Front 34

What is the primary structure when the subjunctive is used?

Back 34

In sentences that have a main clause and a subordinate clause. The main cluase contains a verb or expression that triggers the use of the subjunctive. The conjunction que connects the subordinate clause to the main clause.

Front 35

What are some impersonal expressions that are always followed by clauses in the subjunctive?

Back 35

Es bueno que... (It's good that), Es mejor que...(It's better that), Es malo que... (It's bad that), Es importante que (It's important that), Es necesario que... (It's necessary that..), Es urgente que (It's urgent that...)

Front 36

When is "Por" used?

Back 36

Por is used to indicate...
1. Motion or a general location (around, through, along, by)
2. Duration of an action (for, during, in)
3. Reason or motive for an action (because of, on account of, on behalf of)
4. Object of a search (for, in search of)
5. Means by which something is done (by, by way of, by means of)
6. Exchange or substitution (for, in exchange for)
7. Unit of measure (per, by)

Front 37

When is "Para" used?

Back 37

Para is used to indicate...
1. Destination (toward, in the direction of)
2. Deadline or a specific time in the future)
3. Pupose or goal + [infinitive]
4. Pupose + [noun] (for, used for)
5. The recipient of something (for)
6. Comparison with others or an opinion (for, considering)
7. In the employ of (for)

Front 38

What are the stressed possessive adjectives and pronouns used for?

Back 38

They are used to place emphasis or to express of mine, of yours, and so on.

Front 39

What are the stressed possessive adjectives?

Back 39

m singular - mio, tuyo, suyo, nuestro, vuestro, suyo.
f. singular - mia, tuya, suya, nuestra, suya
m plura - mios, tuyos, suyos, nuestros, vuestros, suyos
f. plural - mias, tuyas, suyas, nuestras, vuestras, suyas.

Front 40

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Back 40

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