Spanish And French Exploration

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Juan Ponce de León

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set foot on United State with Columbus.Named governor of present-day Puerto Rico.He followed the coastline south, rounded the peninsula, and explored much of Florida’s west coast

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In 1540, another Spanish explorer, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado,

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began a trek through what is now the southwestern United States.They discovered the Grand Canyon and the adobe pueblos of the Zuñi in New Mexico

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Hernando de Soto landed in Florida and explored the southeastern portion of the present-day United States

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De Soto traveled through Florida, into the Carolinas, and westward toward the Mississippi River where he became the first European to view the “Father of Waters.

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In 1542, Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo led an expedition to explore the western coast of California.

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Spain to select him to lead the exploration of the Pacific coastline, as far north as San Francisco bay. Although he died during the journey, Cabrillo established the Spanish claim to California.

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encomenderos.

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Spaniards took control of existing Indian villages.they served as protectors, but also used the natives as laborers

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Bartolomé de las Casas, a Dominican priest,

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documented the questionable behavior in A Brief Relation of the Destruction of the Indies.

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Black Legend

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Spanish cruelty that labeled the Spaniards as vicious, inhumane beings who slaughtered thousands of Indians and enslaved the survivors.

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Giovanni da Verrazano

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search for a passageway through the New World. Verrazano spotted the coast of South Carolina and sailed north as far as Nova Scotia, but found no such water route or valuable treasure.

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French navigator Jacque Cartier

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led the first European expedition into the Gulf of St. Lawrence. During his second voyage in 1535, Cartier traveled as far as present-day Montreal, wintering at the site of Quebec

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1540s

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France was soon engulfed in a religious civil war that pitted Catholics against Huguenots—as French Protestants were called.

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In the 1560s

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the French settlers built a fort and colony on the St. John’s River in Florida. (Hugenots)

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August 28, 1565,

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the Feast Day of St. Augustine, a Spanish army overpowered the Huguenots and renamed the town St. Augustine.

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In 1603, King Henry IV

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brought an end to the French wars of religion

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in 1608

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founded Quebec, France’s first sustained settlement in the New World.

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“black robes,”

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Many tribes were wary of the Europeans and reluctantly allowed the missionaries

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mission system

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developed to facilitate colonial expansion and to pacify the Indians

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presidio

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Fort

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In 1680, a native leader named Popé

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organized a massive rebellion that included more than 17,000 Indians from many villages across hundreds of miles. The Indians drove the Spanish out of New Mexico, killing missionaries, burning churches, and destroying relics of Christianity.