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8 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Review of the Preterite
- third person plural form of preterite provide basis for forms of past subjunct.
- four groups of pret. forms:
1) verbs that are regular in thepreterite
2) -ir stem-changing verbs
3) verbs with irregular preterite stems and endings
4) dar, ir, and ser
Review of the Uses of the Subjunctive
tense vs. place:
-tense indicates when an event takes place (past, pres. fut.)
-mood designates a particular way of perceiving an event (indic. or subjunct.); indic. signals speaker perceives event as fact or object. reality; subjunct. describes unknown
*two conditions must be met for subjunctive to be used: sentence structure (must contain subordinate clause) and meaning
The Past Subjunctive: Concept
almost all cues that signal the subjunctive mood are applicable to present and past subjunctive
The Past Subjunctive: Forms
the third-person plural form of the preterite minus -on: hablaron-on= hablar-; comieron-on= comier-; vivieron-on=vivier-
+ endings -a,-as,-a,-amos,-ais,-an
The Past Subjunctive: Sequence of tenses: present subjunctive vs past subjunctive
- when the main clause verb is in the present or present perfect, or is a command- present subjunctive
- when main-clause verb is in the preterite or imperfect- past subjunctive
Use of Subjunctive and Indicative in Adverbial Clauses
- adverb answers how, when, where, why
- adverbial clause is a clause that describes a verbal action
- there must be a subordinate clasue in order for subjunctive to occur
Use of Subjunctive and Indicative in Adverbial Clauses: Time
-when actions of main and subord. clauses have not yet occurred- subjunctive
-when action of subord. clause is habitual- indicative
-when action of subord. clause is viewed as anticipated outcome from the point of view of the subject in the main clause, or as unknown outcome from the pov of the speaker- past subjunctive
-when action of subord. clause is known outcome from the pov of speaker- indicative (pret. or imperf.)
-indicative also used when action of the subord, clause refers to action occured several times in past as habit
-adverbial conjunction antes de que always followed by subjunctive because it introduces anticipated outcome
Adverbial conjunctions of time:
cuando- when
después (de) que- after
en cuanto- as soon as
hasta que- until
mientras (que)- as long as, while
tan pronto como- as soon as
Use of Subjunctive and Indicative in Adverbial Clauses: Manner and Place
-subjunctive used to express speculation about an action or situation unknown to speaker
-indicative used to express what is actually known or has been experienced by reader
Conjunctions:
aunque- although, even if
como- as, how
de manera que- in such a way that
de modo que- in such a way that
donde- where
-ahora que, puesto que, and ya que always followed by the indicative since they convey speakers perception of reality