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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the primary wine regions of Chile?
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Coquimbo
Aconcagua Valley Central Valley (Valle Central) Southern Region |
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What is the growing climate in Chile?
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Maritime Climate along the coastal regions
Mediterranean inland and in northern areas |
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What leads to "green" wines in Chile?
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Overproduction and flood irrigation.
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What grape varieties are grown in Chile?
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75% of production is red
Cabernet Sauvignon - #1 Merlot Carmenère Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc (Sauvignonasse) Malbec – older vines in the south of the Central Valley Malbec – newer plantings Syrah - newer plantings Pinot Noir – showing promise in San Antonio and Casablanca Pais (Mission) - produces mostly rustic jug wines, #2 |
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What is the 75 rule in Chile and Argentina?
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If region 75% must come from that region.
If varietal 75% must be of that varietal. If vintage 75% must be of that vintage. Many producers adhere to 85% for EU |
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What are the four subregions of Valle Central?
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Maipo - Pollution and urban sprawl threat
Rapel - prime Ag area, Cachapoal & Colchagua sub-regions Curico - protected by mountains Maule - ocean cooling |
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What are the two subregions of the Southern Region of Chile?
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Bio Bio
Itata |
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What are the three subregions of Aconcagua Valley?
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Aconcagua - hot
Casablanca - cool, Chile Chardonnay leader San Antonio - cool |
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What grapes are grown in the Aconcagua Region?
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Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc, valleys cool enough for Pinot Noir |
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What are the major wine regions of Argentina?
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Mendoza – only area with a formal appellation system (Malbec)
San Juan – second largest production after Mendoza – hot climate for vermouth production La Rioja – production dominated by co-operatives (Torrontes) Rio Negro – far south latitude – production of Malbec with higher acid - the coolest region because of its proximity to Antarctica. |
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Name the four subregions of the Mendoza region of Argentina.
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Upper Mendoza River
Uco Valley San Rafael Lujan de Cuyo |
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What grape varietals are grown in the Aconcagua, Chile region?
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Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc
Maritime climate – morning fog Casablanca Valley and San Antonio |
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What grape varietals are grown in the Maipo sub region?
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Cabernet Sauvignon – old vines planted in warm sites, most famous and closest to Santiago
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What grape varietals are grown in the Rapel sub region?
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Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere and Merlot
Colchagua and Cachapoal are the sub areas |
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What grape varietals are grown in the Curico sub region?
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Wide range of varieties planted
Chardonnay Cooler affected by the Antarctic currents |
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What grape varietals are grown in the Maule sub region?
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Pais historically, now Cabernet Sauvignon has taken over
Wettest area of four sub regions of the Valle Central |
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What grape varietals are grown in the Bio-Bio region?
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no irrigation needed, mostly white varieties
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What grape varietals are grown in the Itata region?
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Gewurztraminer and Riesling
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Chile
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Few problems with phylloxera
Wine regions favor center of country Climate like CA Hot regions in north favor Muscat for Pisco Cool regions in south make jug wine from Pais grapes |
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Chile Varietal Confusion
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Sauvignon Blanc is actually Saivignon Vert
Merlot actually Carmenère (now adopted as the signature grape) |
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Chile Geo Characteristics Designations
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“Costa" (coast)
"Entre Cordilleras" (between mountains) "Andes" mountains 85% minimum content rule applies |
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What are the sub-regions of Coquimbo Region?
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Elqui
Limari - largest producer Choapa |
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Argentina
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More wine than any other S. Am. country (5th Largest World Wide
Wine an important part of life there due to Euro population Relatively dry with no influence from Atlantic. Plenty of water from Andes |
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Argentina Wine Laws
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As the highest level, Denominación de Origen Controlada (DOC).
Mid-level, Indicación Geográfica (IG). Lowest level Indicación de Procedencia (IP), for table wines. |
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Argentina Reserva
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Reserva - whites aged a min of 6 mos; reds aged a min of 12 mos.
Gran Reserva - 12 mos for whites; 2 yrs reds |
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Argentina Climate
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Continental
Dry. Local phylloxera not a concern so mostly native root stock Hail ("La Piedra") worst weather threat (30% - 40% loss |
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Argentina - High Altitude Winemaking
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Every 100 meters = 1 deg C cooler
Enhanced acidity, color, flavor from diurnal shifts Thicker skins - more complex phenolics and milder tannins Rocky, low-fertile soil Slower fermentation times More expensive to operate wineries |
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Malbec & Torrontés
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From Bordeaux
Full flavor like Cab but less tannin Torrontés = Muscat of Alexandria X Criolla (Mission) |
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Argentina Trellis
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Called Parral - avoid reflected ground heat
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Mendoza Characteristics
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400,000 acres under vine
Malbec, Cab, Tempranillo Chardonnay 2000 - 4000 elevation |
