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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where are the Andes Mountains and Amazon River
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Andes are in West Amazon river and river basin are in central
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What dominates 1/2 the population in south america?
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Brazil and almost 1/2 the total land
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Who was South America colonized by
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Spanish
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What treaty happened in the 15th century?
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Treaty of Tordesillas-- gave portugal brazil
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What empire was flourishing in Western South America?
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Incan Empire--Machu Picchu
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Who conquered the Empire and implemented a system of Forced Labor?
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Francisco Pizarro(Mercantilism)
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STEEL GUNS AND GERMS
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portuguese conquered brazil-imported black slaves work on sugar plantations-nearly 1/2 of brazilian ancestry has black in it
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African
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Spread of African culture language traditions mostly contributed to slavery
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Spanish and Portuguese power wanes by 19th century...
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helped gain independence for Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Bolivia
HOWEVER WITH INDEPENDENCE DOES NOT COME HOMOGENITY |
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Plural Societies
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states with two or more cultural groups living next to one another with little integration-- in other words you can be in one country and see a cast array of scoities and landforms and cultures and language
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What's the difference between Commercial agriculture and subsistence agriculture?
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Commercial is larger yielding-- for profit-- subsistence is to survice
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Peones
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Peasants-- this is the poor class who work their own land so they have food to eat
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What product is rapidly increasing
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Soybeans-- to have land for this forests are cleared
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What's something that has hurt South America's economy?
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They(south america) have little cooperation until 90's to present-- they just dont work together
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There weren't a lot of markets which were close to them
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argentinas beef went to the us and europe
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in 2008 Union of south american nations (UNASUR)-- was formed
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modeled EU provisions were:
continental parliament(law making body)((bad bc sovereignty issues) coordinated defense effort(military cooperation) one passport for all citizens(removed barier to travel) creation of south american bank(located in Buenos Aires and Argentina) |
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The reform is an ongoing process that has been slow to devlop because why??
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nations are reluctant to give up sovereignty
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Currently what percentage of S Americas population live in urban ares?
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80% 1/5
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Rural-to-urban migration
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for a higher standard of living-chance to earn regular
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Explain the City Model
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heart--Central business district and plaza in center
spine--main artery out of town surrounded by elite residential sector(low crime nice house) |
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Zone of Maturity
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housing for middle class--zone of in situ accretion modest housing with some makeshift dwelling--transitions area from affluence to poverty
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farther from the city income goes
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downnnnnn down down down
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Zone of Disamity
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projects--barrios--favelas--undesirable land along highways rail corridors and riverbanks just extreme poor
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these favelas have existed since when
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since the slaves were set free late 1800s but had no rights to land--started setting up shacks
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insurgent state
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colombia is an example of this--huge cocaine demand in 70 and 80 from drug cartels in colombia-- drug lords have as much money and power as established govt
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3 stages of insurgent state
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contention-reel movement becomes strong to challenge govt and tries to control
equilibrium-when rebel group effectively claims controls area-govt make concessions to rebels counteroffensive- state cannot allow revels to exist and final battle for power |
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Who was the leader in Venezuela? what platform did he run on?
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Hugo Chavez-- land reform socialism and democracy(funny cos they have little freedom and hes elected for life)
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Who is Chavezs' greatest ally?
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Cuba--him and casro brothers are buddies
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Who is chavezs' greatest foe?
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US--sulphur GW Bush
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What gives chavez extreme power?
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oil prices bring high-since 08 hes lost political clout
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his message against what is very well received?
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capitalism and elitism--because the people probably all want to be created equal? and make money?
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What percent of Argentinas population lives in cities and towns?
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90%--highest of any country in the world
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Pampas
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Plains--gaucho is argentina cowboy
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these pampas plains are good for?
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growing crops and raising CATTLE--after tech improvements argentina is a big beef exporter to US
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Boom and Bust
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Argentina is perfect example--70s growth...80s massive recessions...recovery mid 90s..2000 recession--Corruption and mismanagement
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Dirty War
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1976-1983--Juan Peron( dont cry for me argentina) 10,000 disappeared
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Again what kind of dictator is US okay with?
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any that isn't communist
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Giant of South America
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Brazil-strong brazilian culture--faith is catholic(protestant faith is on rise)
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brazilians enjoy
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portuguese language soccer beach culture music
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How is Brazils population growth?
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currently at 1.4!!!!!!!!!!!!(2.3 per woman) since 11 its fallen 1.8 brazilians feel lasting effect of housing crach market
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Hows the economy in Brazil?
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richest 10% own 50% of land and control 2/3 of wealth--poorest 20% of its people live in the WORST conditions in the world
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Brazil has been in what? ( economy)
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Boom and Bust--IMF has been a big part of this because 02 its economy slides IMF promises 6 billion in loans
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How are the loans given out and what happens?(IMF)
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they are given out in installments if new regime doesn't play balll then the money dires up and when it dries up there is no credit and economy falters
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IMF gets what back?
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money back by privatizing lucrative industries(utilities minerals telephone companies)---this is another ex of hierarchy of power and wealth in the world
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Slash and Burn
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Forests cut down and burned land then used to grow crops for subsistence or for profit
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What's the pattern with agriculture in Brazil?
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Main highways are built thru forests
govt clears land for farming subsistence agriculture abounds-soil is depleted shortly people plant grasses on land sell to ranchers peasant farmers move on to new productive land(viscious cycle) |
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What country is absolutely LANDLOCKED
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Bolivia is LANDLOCKED(surrounded by ALL sides by land) been this way since 80s when it lost war with chile
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Why is this bad?
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tariffs-- have to pay them to get goods to the coast ( exporting)
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What's the Capital of Bolivia?
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THERE ARE 2 La Paz and Sucre
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What kind of Economy does bolivia have?
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very hierarchial economy-- 50,000 families own 90% of arable land(9.6 Million total people) they got it during colonization and military dictatorships
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What are two things you have to have to be in a landlocked country
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Good management and relative rich resource base
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What portion of Bolivia is rich in mineral deposits and energy
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Eastern part-- this portion talks of independence but wont happen cos they need work force from the west and southern regions
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What kind of economy does Paraguay have?
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Weak economy(sympton of being landlocked)
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one percent of paraguay population own how much land?
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75%
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What is the strongest centrifugal force in Paraguay?
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massive amount of Brazilians who come there to live--schools teach portuguese and the brazilian flag flies over public buildings
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