South America

Front 1

What is the mountain range that runs along the western coast of South America?

Back 1

The Andes.

Front 2

What is the tallest mountain in South America?

Back 2

Aconcagua (Argentina) 22,834 ft.

Front 3

What is the name of the waterfall which has the longest drop of any in the world?

Back 3

Angel Falls (Venezuela) 2,937 ft.

Front 4

What is an isthmus?

Back 4

An isthmus is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger bodies of land.

Front 5

What is a mountain range?

Back 5

A row of connected mountains.

Front 6

What is a rainforest?

Back 6

A tropical forest is an area where there is an exceptionally high amount of yearly rainfall.

Front 7

What is pampas?

Back 7

A pampas is a huge, grassy, treeless plain (especially in Argentina).

Front 8

List the areas (not countries) that are included in the South American continent?

Back 8

Central America,
South America,
and the Falkland Islands.

Front 9

In which hemisphere is South America located?

Back 9

In the southern hemisphere.

Front 10

What are the three continents larger than South America?

Back 10

Asia,
Africa,
and North America.

Front 11

The world's largest rain forest is located in South America. Where is it?

Back 11

In the Amazon river basin which is in Brazil.

Front 12

What is the name of the desert located in northern Chile?

Back 12

The Atacama Desert.

Front 13

What three South American countries are largely made up of rolling grasslands?

Back 13

Argentina,
Venezuela,
and Colombia.

Front 14

The isthmus of Panama links Central America to what country?

Back 14

Colombia.

Front 15

List some plants native to South America?

Back 15

Orchids,
Rubber Trees,
Cacao Trees,
Pineapple plants,
and Carnuba Palms.

Front 16

List some of South America's native animals?

Back 16

Sloths,
Piranhas,
Anacondas (snake),
Rheas,
and Alpacas.

Front 17

What major islands or island groups are part of South America?

Back 17

The Falkland Islands,
the Tierra del Fuego islands,
and the Galapagos Islands.

Front 18

What were the three main Indian groups on this continent before the European explorers arrived?

Back 18

Mayans (Guatemala),
Aztecs (Mexico),
and the Incas (Peru).

Front 19

What European nation was responsible for conquering the great Indian nations of South America?

Back 19

The Spanish in the early 1500s. They had only a few well armed soldiers who were known as Conquistadors.

Front 20

Who was the Inca leader at the time of the Spanish conquest?

Back 20

Atahualpa.

Front 21

Who led the conquering of the Inca Indians?

Back 21

Francisco Pizarro (1530).

Front 22

Which tribe controlled the Valley of Mexico and the area surrounding it?

Back 22

Aztecs.

Front 23

What was the name of the Aztec capital and what is the present-day name for this area?

Back 23

Tenochtitlan.

Mexico City.

Front 24

Who was the leader of the Aztecs when the Europeans invaded in c1520?

Back 24

Montezuma II.

Front 25

Which European leader conquered the Aztecs?

Back 25

Hernando Cortes.

Front 26

Who helped Cortez's conquistadors overcome the Aztecs?

Back 26

He was helped by the surrounding Indian tribes who had been conquered by the Aztecs and who resented Aztec rule and taxes.

Front 27

Why did the Aztecs not oppose the European conquerors?

Back 27

The Aztecs did not oppose Cortes as they had a legend that their god (who was a White man) had sailed across the ocean and that someday he would return. When Cortes and his men appeared they believed that it was their god returning.

Front 28

What group of Indians in southern Chile were able to resist being conquered for over 300 years.

Back 28

The Araucanian Indians in southern Chile were able to resist being conquered for over 300 years.

Front 29

Besides being killed in battle, what was another reason for the decline in the native population after European colonists arrived in Latin America?

Back 29

The European colonists brought diseases with them that the Indians did not have an immunity to. The Indians also died from the harsh treatment suffered at the hands of settlers.

Front 30

Of the four major European countries that had the greatest number of people settling in the New World, which two of these countries focused mostly on the southern continent?

Back 30

Spain and Portugal.

Front 31

Why is this area often referred to as 'Latin America.'

Back 31

All the languages spoken on this continent (Spanish and Portuguese) are derivatives of Latin.

Front 32

What was one major reason Europeans came to the new world?

Back 32

To search for gold, silver, iron ore and precious gems.

Front 33

What did South America have more of than North America?

Back 33

Silver and gold.

Front 34

Which church group took hold in Latin America?

Back 34

The Roman Catholic church.

Front 35

Which area in South America did the Portuguese government control?

Back 35

Brazil.

Front 36

What was the Line of Demarcation

Back 36

The Line of Demarcation is an imaginary line drawn up after the discovery of the New World. To prevent disputes between Spain and Portugal over who could claim these new lands Pope Alexander VI said that Spain could claim lands east of this line and Portugal west of this line.

Front 37

Who were the two men who led revolutions to gain independence for South America from its European rulers?

Back 37

Simon Bolivar (1783 to 1830)

Jose de San Martin (1778 to 1850)