Sophomore- Biology Chapter 6 Vocab

Front 1

a network of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments that run throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and serves a variety of mechanical and transport functions

Back 1

Cytoskeleton

Front 2

a group of organs that interact to preform a set of related functions

Back 2

Systems

Front 3

each specialized mass or layer of cells

Back 3

Tissue

Front 4

organized group of tissues that carries on a specialized function in a multicellular organism

Back 4

Organs

Front 5

the outer covering of animals and plants

Back 5

Epidermis

Front 6

distinct group of microorganisms growing together

Back 6

Colonies

Front 7

short flagella; hairlike cell appendages specialized for locomotion and formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules

Back 7

Cilia

Front 8

tubular substances in the cells of animals and some fungi and algae; participate in cell reproduction in those organisms

Back 8

Centrioles

Front 9

present in most plant cells; vesicles that enlarge as the cells mature; they give plants parts suck as beet roots their characteristic colors

Back 9

Vacuoles

Front 10

special vesicles in animal cells and other eukaryotes; contain enzymes that break down the cell's old macromolecules by recycling

Back 10

Lysosomes

Front 11

small intracellular, membrane enclosed sac that stores or transports substances

Back 11

Vesicles

Front 12

an organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacked membranes that modify and package materials in vesicles for export from the cell

Back 12

Golgi Apparatus

Front 13

an extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells; composed of ribosome studded(rough) and ribosome-free(smooth) regions

Back 13

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front 14

an organelle consisting of two subunits and functioning as the site of protein synthesis

Back 14

Ribosomes

Front 15

the gelatin-like portion of the cytoplasm that bathes in the organelles of the cell

Back 15

Cytosol

Front 16

a well tested hypothesis that organizes knowledge in a field, fits existing data, explains how events or processes are thought to occur, and successfully predicts future observations

Back 16

Theory

Front 17

sites where types of RNA that will become part of the ell's protein-synthesizing mchiney are synthesized

Back 17

Nucleoli

Front 18

a stiff covering around the plasma membrane of certain cells, as in plants many algae, and some prokaryotes; in plants, the cell wall is constructed partly of cellulose

Back 18

Cell Wall

Front 19

an organized structure within a cell with a specific function

Back 19

Organelles

Front 20

long cellular appendages specialized for locomotion; in eukaryotes they contain a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two singles inner microtubules; many protists and certain animal cells have flagella

Back 20

Flagella

Front 21

a small ring of DNA in bacteria that carries genes separate of those from of the chromosomes

Back 21

Plasmids

Front 22

a region in a prokaryotic cell consisting of a concentrated mass of DNA

Back 22

Nucleoid

Front 23

in atoms, the central core containing protons and neutrons; in eukaryotic cells, the membrane-bound organelle that houses the chromosomes

Back 23

Nucleus

Front 24

an organism whose cell has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles; a protista, a fungus, a plant, or an animal

Back 24

Eukaryotes

Front 25

an organism whose cell does not have membrane-enclosed nuclei or organelles; a moneran

Back 25

Prokaryotes