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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does it mean for a solution to be metastable?
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Excess solute will crystallize if the solution is shaken or if a seed crystal is added to start the crystallization process.
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What are weak electrolytes?
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Compounds that dissociate/ionize only slightly when dissolved in water; the solutions conduct electricity, but not well.
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How does pressure affect the solubility of a gas?
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Greater pressure increases the solubility of the gas.
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What is Raoult's law?
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P(actual)=P(solvent)X(solvent)
actual vapor pressure is equal to the vapor pressure of the solvent times the mole fraction of the solvent. |
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How does the addition of a solute affect the vapor pressure of a solvent?
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A solute decreases the vapor pressure of a solvent.
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Explain "like dissolves like"
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Solutions can be made from solutes and solvents with similar polarities, but not from solutes and solvents that have different polarities.
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Define Solubility.
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Solubility is the quantitative term for the maximum amount, in units of grams per liter, of solute that can dissolve in a solvent.
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How does temperature affect solubility for solids and gases?
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An increase in temperature increases the solubility of solids in a liquid and decreases the solubility of gases in a liquid.
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What is ionization?
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Ionization is when molecular compounds break apart into ions when dissolved in water.
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What is dissociation?
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Dissociation is the separation of ions in an ionic compound when it is dissolved.
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What is a strong electrolyte?
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Ionic compounds that are soluble in water.
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What happens when a weak electrolyte reacts with water?
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Equilibrium results.
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When is molarity roughly equal to molality?
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In dilute aqueous solutions.
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What is an ideal solution?
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A solution where the energy used to disrupt the intermolecular forces in the solvent and solute is exactly balanced by the energy released when the solution forms.
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How does the addition of a solute affect a solution's boiling and freezing point?
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Boiling point is raised, freezing point is lowered.
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