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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Putting a Saddle on a Cow
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- Stalin said this of Poland in their efforts to introduce communism
- This led to widespread riots in 1956 - The communist failed to monopolize the society |
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Polish Economic Miracle
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- New communist leader wagered that massive inflows of Western capital and technologies, esp. from the rich and now friendly W. Germany
- Beurucratic incompetence and the oil shock of 1973 put the economy into a nosedive |
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The Real Miracle
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- Cardinal Karol Wojtyla, archbishop of Cracow, was elected to Pope in 1978.
- In June 1979 he preached from love of Christ and country and the inalienable rights of man |
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Lenin Shipyards in Gdansk Strike
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- August 1980
- 16,000 workers laid down their tools and occupied the plant in Solidarity - Demanded the right to form free trade unions, freedom of speech, release of political prisoners and economic reform |
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Gdansk Agreement
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- The govt. accepted the workers demand in this Agreement
- The working class revolt had won an unprecedented victory |
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Solidarity Trade Union
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- Formed from the Gdanks Agreement
- Free and democratic trade union - Became a union of a nation - By March 1981, a full-time staff of 40,000 linked 9.5 million union members - Its leaders had tremendous support |
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The Red Army
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- History, the Brezhnev Doctrine and virulent attacks from communist neighbors were concerning
- If Polish Communists "lost control" the Red Army could take over and cause a terrible bloodbath - Solidarity remained a self-limiting revolution, defending the Gdansk Agreement |
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Walesa Leadership
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- Dropped plans for a massive, general strike
- Criticized for his moderate leadership - Solidarity lost its cohesiveness |
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General Wojciech Jaruzelski
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- Struck in Dec. 1981, proclaiming martial law, arresting Solidarity's leaders and saving the nation
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Solidarity Driven Underground
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- Solidarity was outlawed and driven underground
- Fought successfully to maintain its organization and to voice the aspirations of the Polish masses after 1981 - Part of survival was due to the govt's unwillingness to impose terror Many poles acted as if they were free |
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Rebirth of Solidarity at the end of the 80s
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- Cultural and intellectual life remained extremely vigorous
- Polish economy continued to deteriorate - Popular support of Solidarity remained |
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Eastern Europeans Desire
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- Survival of Solidarity demonstrated EE's desire of millions for greater political liberty and enduring appeal of cultural freedom, trade union rights, patriotic nationalism and religious freedom
- It challenged fresh thinking in the S.U., the key to lasting change in the Eastern bloc |
