Sociology Vocabulary Test 1

Front 1

Cultural transmission

Back 1

the process by which one generation passes culture down to the next generation

Front 2

Values

Back 2

culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living

Front 3

Norms

Back 3

rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members

Front 4

Mores

Back 4

norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance

Front 5

Folkways

Back 5

norms for routine or casual interaction

Front 6

Subculture

Back 6

cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society’s population

Front 7

Counterculture

Back 7

cultural patterns that strongly opposed those widely accepted within a society

Front 8

ethnocentrism

Back 8

the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture

Front 9

cultural relativism

Back 9

the practice of judging a culture by the standards of its own culture

Front 10

Beliefs

Back 10

specific statements that people hold to be true

Front 11

structural-functional approach

Back 11

a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote soldarity and stability

Front 12

social-conflict approach

Back 12

a framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change

Front 13

symbolic-interaction approach

Back 13

a framework for building theory that sees society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals

Front 14

manifest function

Back 14

the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern

Front 15

latent functions

Back 15

the unrecognized and unintended consequences of any social pattern

Front 16

empirical evidence

Back 16

information we can verify with our senses

Front 17

reliability

Back 17

consistency in measurement

Front 18

validity

Back 18

actually measuring exactly what you intend to measure

Front 19

cause and effect

Back 19

a relationship in which change in one variable (the independent variable) causes change in another variable (the depedent variable)

Front 20

stereotype

Back 20

an exaggerated description applied to every person in some category