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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Luminosity
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Total energy radiated by a star per second to all wavelengths.
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Photosphere
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Visible surface of the Sun underneath the Chromosphere.
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Chromosphere
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is the Sun’s lower atmosphere lying just above the visible atmosphere.
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Corona
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The outermost layer of the Sun which at later distance turns into solar wind.
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Heat conduction
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The flow of internal energy from a region of higher temperature to one of lower temperature by the interaction of the adjacent particles
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Convection
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Convection can be defined as a heat driven motion of a fluid.
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Radiation
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A way in which energy is transferred from place to place in form of a wave.
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sunspot
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Dark blemish on the surface of the sun indicating a lower temperature in that region.
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Prominence
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Loops or sheets of glowing gas ejected from active regions on the solar surface.
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granulation
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speckled appearance of the solar surface caused by rising hot and falling cold material.
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flare
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explosive event occurring in or near an active region of the sun.
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coronal mass ejection
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Giant magnetic bubbles of ionized gas that separate from the rest of the solar atmosphere and scape into interplanetary space.
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solar activity cycle
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The periodic change in the sun's activity and appearance of sunspots, average duration of 11 years, completes the cycle in 22 years.
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Highlands
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Light colored regions on the surface of the moon that are elevated above the maria.
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impact basin
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A type of large crater left on the surface of a moon or planet caused by a large object striking its surface.
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maria
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Darker regions of the moon below the highlands.
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ejecta
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Material thrown outward by a meteor impact.
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regolith
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Surface dust on the moon caused by meteoritic bombardment over billions of years.
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synchronous rotation
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As the moon orbits the Earth , it keeps one face permanently pointed toward our planet.
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spin-orbit coupling
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State that a body is said to be in if its rotation period and its orbital period are related.
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Caloris
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A large impact crater on Mercury about 1,550 km, the largest feature on the surface of Mercury.
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Rille
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A ditch on the surface of the moon where lava flowed in the past.
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weird terrain
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A region on the surface of mercury with oddly rippled features.
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Basalts
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Solidified lava.
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Granites
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Igneous rock containing silicon and aluminum that makes up most of the Earth crust
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shield volcanoes
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A volcano by repeated non-explosive eruptions of lava creating a slope.
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Caldera
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Crater that forms at the summit of a volcano.
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Plate tectonics
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The motions of regions of Earth’s lithosphere, also known as continental drift
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Lithosphere
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Earth’s crust and a small portion of the upper mantle that make up the Earth’s plates.
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Greenhouse effect
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Partial trapping of solar radiation in the atmosphere, similar to trapping heat in a greenhouse.
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Runaway greenhouse effect
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A process in which the heating of a planet leads to an increase in it’s atmosphere’s ability to retain heat and thus to further heating, causing extreme changes in the temperature of the surface and the composition of the atmosphere.
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Asthenosphere
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The asthenosphere is the elastic part of the earth just below the lithosphere, including the upper mantle.
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Olympus Mons
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2nd large shield volcano on the planet Mars 22 kilometers high.
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Channels
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Evidence of water that may have overflows into the northern region long time ago.
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Valles Marineris
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Equivalent to Grand Canyon on earth found on the surface of Mars wider than the U.S. from east to west.
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