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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a heliocentric system?
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The heliocentric system is a sun-centered system with planets and smaller objects orbiting the sun.
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Who found the heliocentric system?
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An unamed scientist discovered the heliocentric system but Copernicus perfected it and Galieleo proved it.
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Ancient astronomers thought that all celestial bodies revolved around what?
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Aincent astronomers thought that alll celestial bodies revolved around Earth.
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Who discovered Jupiter's largest moons?
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Galieleo discovered Jupiter's largest moons.
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A comets head is made up of what?
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A comets head is made up of nucleus and coma.
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Which layer of the sun is its outer most?
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The convection zone is the layer of the sun that is its outer most.
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What is a meteor?
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A meteor is a streak of light caused by a burning meteoroid that entered Earth's atmosphere.
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During an eclipse we are able to see which part of the sun?
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During an eclipse we are able to see the chromosphere, or the middle layer of the suns atmosphere.
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Where do we find most comets?
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We find most comets in the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud.
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When a comet breaks up it forms a what?
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When a comet breaks up it forms a meteoroid.
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What is a geocentric model?
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A geocentric model is an Earth-centered system where the other planets, the sun, and smaller objects revolve around Earth.
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Why is it not possible for the atmosphere of Jupiter to escape into space?
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Jupiter has thick colorful clouds and after you sink into a dense mixture of hydrogen and helium.
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How does the sun produce energy?
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The sun produces energy from its core in nuclear-fusion when hydrgen atoms join to produce helium.
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Most comets have what shape orbit?
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Most comets have a narrow ellipse shape orbit.
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The aincent Greeks knew all of the planets except?
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The aincent Greeks knew all of the planets except Uranus and Neptune (And Pluto but Pluto is no longer a planet).
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What do all of the inner planets have in common?
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All of the inner planets are small and dense and they have rocky surfaces.
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Are there any planets that may contain water?
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Mars and Jupiter are planets that may contain water.
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Who discovered that each planet has an ellipse shape orbit.
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Kepler discovered that each planet had an ellipse shaped orbit; he did this with Brahe's help.
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Where do we find the asteroid belt?
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We find the asteroid belt inbetween the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
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What makes up the solar system?
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The solar system is made up of planets, moons, stars, and other smaller objects including meteoroids, asteroids, and comets.
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How was Copernicus's model different from Ptolemy's model?
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Ptolemy's model and Copernicus's model are alike because all of the planets (besides Earth) orbit the center point. They are different because in Ptolemy's model, Earth is at the center of the solar system and in Copernicus's model, the sun is at the center of the solar system.
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What discoveries by Galileo supported the heliocentric system?
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Galileo made discoveries that supported the heliocentric system. One was, that he discovered 4 moons orbiting Jupiter. That proved that not everything in the sky revolves around Earth. Galileo also observed that Venus was close to the sun. Venus also had a full set of phases. If Venus orbited Earth, then Venus would not have a full set of phases.
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People often say that the sun rises in the east, crosses the sky, and sets in the west. Is this literally true? Explain.
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No, this is not literally true. Earth moves, not the sun.
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How did Kepler use Tycho Brahe's data?
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Kepler used 20 years of data by Tycho Brahe and anylyzed it differently to come up with a solution that each planet moves in an elipse shaped orbit, not perfect circles. He realized that Mar's orbit was an oval shape, not a perfect circle. After more observations, Kepler realized that all planets had ellipses.
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What did Kepler discover about the shape of the planets' orbits?
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Kepler discovered things about the shape of the planete orbits. He found out that Mar's orbit was an ellipse, not a perfect circle. After more observations and analyzing, Kepler realized that the rest of the planets' orbits were ellipses too.
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How did Tycho Brahe and Kepler employ the scientific method?
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Kepler and Brahe employed the scientific method. Their question was: What are the posititions of the planets? Their experiement was the whole gathering data and observing the planets. They bold analyzed but Kepler did it right. And the conclusion was the orbit of each planet is an ellipse.
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What are the planets, in order of increasing distance from the sun?
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This is the order of the planets by increasing distance from the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune,Pluto.
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What planet has the closest orbit to Earth?
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Venus has the closest orbit to Earth.
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Copernicus thought that the solar system was_
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heliocentric.
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The part of the sun where nuclear fushion occurs is the_
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core.
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Pluto is a(n)_
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dwarf planet
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The region between Mars and Jupiter where many rocky objects are found is the_
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asteroid belt
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A meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere is called a(n)_
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meteor.
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Describe the contributions Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler made to modern astronomy.
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Tycho Brahe and Johannes Keplerdiscovered that planets move in ellipses, not perfect circle. This helped with modernizing astronomy by helping scientists with the motions of the planets.
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Why does Mercury have very little atmosphere?
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Mercury has very little atmosphere because its high daytime temperatures cause gas particles to move so fast that they can escape into space. Mercury's mass is small so its gravity is weak.
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What evidence do astronomers have that water has once flown on Mars?
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Astronomers have evidence that water has once flown on Mars. There is geography that looks like remains of coastlines. There are little lines on Mars that look as if they used to be rivers.
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Compare and contrast comets, asteroids, and meteoroids.
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The comets and asteroids are both found to revolve in a "belt". Meteoroids are just small chunks of rock or dust in space that used to be comets and asteroids. Comets are really combined ice, dust, and rocky particles. Asteroids are small rocky objects that are too small to be planets. Those are the differences and the things in common with meteoroids, comets, and asteroids.
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