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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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McDonaldization of Society |
George Ritzer |
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Social Group |
two or more people who identify / interact with eachother |
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Category |
Status in common (group) |
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Crowd |
loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact |
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Primary Group |
personal / lasting relationships (The Family) |
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Secondary Group |
Large and impersonal group whose members pursue a specific goal. (A class) |
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Instrumental Leadership |
focuses on the completion of a task |
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Expressive Leadership |
focuses on the groups well-being |
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Solomon Asch |
Study of Visual Perception Group pressure caused students to conform and answer incorrectly even if they knew it was incorrect |
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Milgrem |
(Shocking Experiment) People are likely to follow the lead of others even if it means harming another person. |
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Irving Janis |
Group Think The tendency to conform, resulting in a narrow view of an issue. |
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Reference Group |
Social group that serves a point of reference in making decisions. "What would my parents think?" |
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Stouffer's Research |
We don't evaluate our situation in absolute terms, but in a relative sense to specific reference groups. |
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In-Group |
A group toward which members feel respect and loyalty |
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Out-group |
a person feels a sense of competition or opposition |
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Ryad |
Group with two members, unstable |
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Triad |
Group of three members, more stable |
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Network |
"A web of week social ties" (People we know of rather than know" |
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Internet usage rates: |
Higher in rich countries, lower in poor countries |
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Formal organizations |
Large secondary group organized to achieve their goals effeciently |
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Utilitarian |
Where you work and get paid |
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Normative |
voluntary, feels like the right thing to do. |
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Coersive |
There because you have to be. (Prison, mental hospital) |
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Is it possible for an organization to fall under all three categories? (Utilitarian, Coersive, Normative) |
yes. |
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Bureaucracy |
Organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks efficiently |
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Max Weber |
Identified 6 key elements of ideal bureaucratic organization |
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Key Elements of Bureaucratic organizations |
-Specialization -Hierarchy -Rules and Regulations -Technical Competence -Impersonality -Formal, written communication |
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Bureaucratic Ritualism |
focus on rules and regulations to the point of undermining an organizations goals |
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Bureaucratic Inertia |
Tendency of a bureaucratic org. to perpetuate themselves |
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Scientific Management |
the application of scientific principles to the operation of a business or other large organization |
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The Female Advantage |
Deborah Tannen- better "information focus" Sally Helgesen- 1: Place value on communication 2: Flexible 3: Emphasize interconnections |
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William Ouchi - Japanese Organization |
-Hired new workers in groups -hired for life -trained workers in all phases -Workers involved in "quality circles" to discuss decisions within the company -Companies play a large role in the life of workers |
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Sex |
The biological distinction between male and female |
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Intersexual people |
People who have both sets of genitals |
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Attitudes and Practices involving human sexuality: |
Differ from one society to the next and overtime |
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Incest |
A norm forbidding sexual relations between certain relatives |
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Sexual Counterrevolution |
Began in the 1980's Did not greatly alter who with or why we have sex, but people began to limit partners or abstain all together from sex. |
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Sexual Revolution |
Began in the 1920's, peaked in the 60's |
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Sex between adults |
No stereotype accurately describes the sexual activity in the US |
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81% of men, 88% of females... |
Stay faithful in marriage |
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Percent of Homosexuals... |
1.8% of men, 1.2% openly define themselves as homosexual |
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% of people who view being gay as "wrong" |
46% |
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Increased risk of dropping out of highschool/living in poverty |
Unplanned Children |
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Critizism of Porn |
Moral Grounds: Degrades women, portraying them as playthings some believe it may lead to sexual violence |
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Rape |
An expression of power, a crime 80k women a year report rape, although that figure is likely much higher Official statistics only include women 85% of cases involve people who know each other |
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Hook ups |
Couples dont know eachother result of drinking Most woman are critical of the experience and gain little satisfaction |
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Effect of Birth control |
causes sociatal norms to relax around sex |
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Abortion |
The most divisive issue involving sexuality |
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% Of people who accept abortion due to ANY REASON the woman sees fit. |
42% |
