Sociology Test 3

Front 1

Structural Characteristicts of Poverty

Back 1

Poor are not evenly distributed mong the states, many cluster in the south. 9 percent of whites are poor, 22 percent of blacks are poor, and 11 percent are Asian American's. The less education the more chance you are of being poor. Whoever heads the family may cause them to be poor..If a girl head the family, they are 7 times more likely to be poor.

Front 2

Kahl and Gilbert

Back 2

updated Weber and came up with the six-class model to portray the class structure of the United States and other capitalist countries. Consist of the Capitalist Class, the Upper Middle Class, the Lower Middle Class, the Working class, the working poor, and the underclass

Front 3

Nature vs. Nurture

Back 3

claiming that deviance is learned instead of inherited

Front 4

Patriarchy

Back 4

a society or group in which men dominate women; authority is vested in males

Front 5

Matriarchy

Back 5

a society in which women as a group dominate men as a group

Front 6

Minority Group

Back 6

people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination

Front 7

Gender inequality

Back 7

people who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regrad themselves as objects of collective discrimination

Front 8

Gender Roles

Back 8

roles that us as males or females play in society that are typically played by male or females

Front 9

women in the workforce

Back 9

women in the workforce has seen steady growth in the last few years.

Front 10

Feminism

Back 10

the philosophy that men and women should be politically, economically, and socially equal; organized activities on behalf of this principle

Front 11

violence against women

Back 11

includes forcible rape, date rape, murder, violence in the home, women in the criminal justice system (women commit less crime than males but when they commit the same crime, they tend to get off easier.

Front 12

strain theory

Back 12

Society tells us there are certain things you are supposed to have..some people can get them while others can't

Front 13

culture shock

Back 13

the disorientation that people experience when they come in contact with a fundamentally different culture and can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted assumptions about life

Front 14

Merton

Back 14

came up with the strain theory

Front 15

Sociology of Mental Illness

Back 15

Thomas Szasz argues that mental illnesses are neither mental nor illness. They are simply problem behaviors. Some forms of so called mental illnesses have organic causes; that is, they are physical illnesses that result in unusual perceptions or behavior

Front 16

Norms

Back 16

the expectations, or rules of behavior, that develop to reflect and enforce values

Front 17

Crime

Back 17

the violation of norms written into law

Front 18

Hate Crime

Back 18

crimes to which more severe penalties are attached because they are motivated by hatred of someone's race-ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, disability, or national origin

Front 19

White-Collar Crime

Back 19

Edwin Sutherland's term for crimes committed by people of respectable and high social status in the course of their occupations; for example, bribery of public officials, securities violations, embezzlement, false advertising, and price fixing

Front 20

Sanctions

Back 20

expressions of approval or disapproval given to people for upholding or violating norms

Front 21

Street Crime

Back 21

crimes such as mugging, rape, and burglary

Front 22

Shaming

Back 22

shaming is another sanction and is especially effective when member of a primary group use it. It is often used to keep children in line. Also effective in small communities, where the individual's repution is at stake

Front 23

Social Control Theory

Back 23

a theory stating that it is people nature to break norms and rules but they sometimes do not because they are connecting connected closley to people who do follow these norms and laws.

Front 24

Wealth

Back 24

property and income

Front 25

Prestige

Back 25

respect or regard

Front 26

Status consistency

Back 26

ranking high or low on all three dimensions of social class

Front 27

structural mobility

Back 27

movement up or down the social class ladder that is due to changes in the structure of society, not to individual efforts

Front 28

Gender stratification

Back 28

males' and females' unequal access to power, prestige, and property on the basis of their sex

Front 29

gender

Back 29

the behaviors and attitudes considered appropriate beacuse one is a female or a male

Front 30

labeling theory

Back 30

the view, developed by symbolic interactionists, that the labels people are given affect their own and others' perceptions of them, thus channeling their behavior either into deviance or into conformity.

Front 31

control theory

Back 31

the idea that two control systems--inner controls and outer controls--work against our tendencies to deviate

Front 32

Inner and outer controls

Back 32

inner controls are fears of punishment, feelings of integrity, and the desire to be a "good" person....outer controls consist of people--such as family, friends, and the po po, who influence not to deviate

Front 33

Techniques of Neutralization

Back 33

ways of thinking rationalizing that help people deflect (or neutralize) society's norms