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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
aggregates
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collections of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time
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bureaucracy
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an organization characterized by a division of labor, a hierarchical authority, an impersonality in administration and explicity written rules
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coercive organization
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groups, such as prisons an mental hospitals, of which people become members unvoluntarily
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conformity
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behavior that complies with the norms of a group or society
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dyad
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group composed of two people
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expressive leadership
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group-directed leadership that emphasizes the well-being of the group and provides emotional support for its members
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formal organizations
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large, highly structured groups organized to achieve specific goals
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gemeinschaft
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preindustrial societies where social relationships are based upon the primary group thies of friendship, kinship and intergenerational stability
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gesellschaft
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large, urban, impersonal society characterized by little consensus on values and by specialized social bonds based upon individual self-interest
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goal displacement
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subordination of the stated goals of the organization in favor of continued survival of the organization or the oligarchy that runs the organization
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groupthink
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the tendency of group members to conform to a decision that many individual members privately believe is ill-advised
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in-group
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group that commans loyalty and respect, typically from its ,members
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instrumental leadership
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goal-directed leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks
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iron law of the oligarchy
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tendency of large bureaucratic organizations tobe run by a small group of people
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mechanical solidarity
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characteristic of preinmdustrial societies; minimal division of labor, people are united by tradition, shared social bonds and shared values
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normative organizations
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groups that people voluntarily join to pursue a goal, cause or value believed to be worthwhile, and which does not directly enable their personal material enrichment
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organic solidarity
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social bonds characteristic of industrial societies that are based upon specialization and interdependence that occur as the division of labor becomes increasinly extensive
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out-group
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scorned group towards which one feels opposition, competiveness, and even disgust
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primary group
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small group of people who interact frequently with one another and shore strong emotional ties
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reference group
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group taken as a basis of comparison for making evaluations and decisions about others and ourselves
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secondary group
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impersonal, and frequently larger, group whose members interact for the purpose of pursuing a shared goal or activity
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social group
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tow or more people engaged in sustained interaction with each other and who identify with one another
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social network
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web of ties between people within a society or large group
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triad
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group consisting of three people
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utilitarian organizations
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groups joined voluntarily in pursuit of material rewards that will directly enrich the participant
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bureaucracy
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specialization of tasks-hierachy of offices and authority-written rules and regulations-technical competence-impersonality
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Weber
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ideal-intentionally guides and regulated organized activities/reality-behave informally, circumvent and resist
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