Sociology Final Study Guide

Front 1

Group

Back 1

At least two people who have one or more goals in common as well as the same ways of thinking and behaving.

Front 2

Verstehen

Back 2

Understanding of human behavior; Empathy

Front 3

W. E. B. DuBois

Back 3

(Functionalist) Examined African American culture.

Front 4

Taboo

Back 4

Prohibited or restricting a social custom.

Front 5

Material Culture

Back 5

Physical objects, resources, and spaces used to define a culture.

Front 6

Socialization

Back 6

Adoption of behavior from surroundings.

Front 7

Ascribed Status

Back 7

Assigned to you, no choice.

Front 8

Acquired/Achieved Status

Back 8

Position that is either earned or chosen.

Front 9

Master Status

Back 9

Affects most other aspects of life.

Front 10

Role Strain

Back 10

Roles of a single status are inconsistent or conflicting.

Front 11

Role Conflict

Back 11

Performance of a role in one status interferes with the performance of a role in another status.

Front 12

Role Performance

Back 12

How well one performs in their specific role.

Front 13

Conformity

Back 13

Matching behavior with group expectations.

Front 14

Primary Group

Back 14

Emotionally close, know each other well, seek each others company.

Front 15

Secondary Group

Back 15

Share only part of their lives while focusing on a goal or task.

Front 16

Group Think

Back 16

Self-deceptive thinking based on conformity to group beliefs, created by coercion.

Front 17

Deviant

Back 17

Departing from accepted standards.

Front 18

Norms

Back 18

Shared rules of conduct.

Front 19

Values

Back 19

Shared beliefs about what is right and wrong. (Morals)

Front 20

Folkways

Back 20

Common customs. (Handshake)

Front 21

Mores

Back 21

Morally significant norms. (Cheating on someone's test)

Front 22

Law

Back 22

Written rules of conduct. (Murder)

Front 23

Significant Other

Back 23

People whose judgments are more important to our self conduct.

Front 24

Assimilation

Back 24

Process of people acquiring social and psychological characteristics of a group.

Front 25

Discrimination

Back 25

Unjust treatment of different people or things.

Front 26

Ethnocentrism

Back 26

Judging by your standards.

Front 27

Cultural Relativism

Back 27

No culture is superior. (Judge by their standards)

Front 28

Social Structure

Back 28

Patterned interaction of people in social relationships.

Front 29

Social Darwinism

Back 29

Individuals, groups, and people are subject to natural selection.

Front 30

Symbolic Interactionism

Back 30

Gestural communication and its subjective understanding.

Front 31

Conflict Perspective

Back 31

Society is a struggle of power between groups.

Front 32

Functionalism

Back 32

All aspects of a society serve a function and are necessary for the survival of that society.

Front 33

Symbol

Back 33

Anything that stands for something else.

Front 34

Function

Back 34

The contribution made by a social cultural phenomenon to an ongoing social system.

Front 35

Positivism

Back 35

Laws are to be understood as social rules.

Front 36

Harriet Martineau

Back 36

Treatment of women and slavery connection.

Front 37

Manifest Function

Back 37

Action that produces an intended result.

Front 38

Latent Function

Back 38

An action that produces an unintended result.

Front 39

Social Dynamics

Back 39

Study of social change.

Front 40

Formal and Informal Sanctions

Back 40

Formal: Organizations.



Informal: Spontaneous.

Front 41

Looking Glass Self

Back 41

Persons self grows out of society's perception of others.

Front 42

Coercion

Back 42

Forced to behave a certain way.

Front 43

Cooperation

Back 43

Combine efforts to reach a goal.

Front 44

Formal and Informal Groups

Back 44

Formal: Fulfill needs or tasks.



Informal: Operation of social forces.

Front 45

Subjugation

Back 45

To make submissive.

Front 46

Stereotype

Back 46

Held, but fixed image or idea of a particular person.

Front 47

Racism

Back 47

To distinguish a race as inferior or superior to another race.

Front 48

Hate Crime

Back 48

Crime motivated by racial, sexual, or other prejudice.

Front 49

Total Institutions

Back 49

Place cut off from the wider community.

Front 50

Genocide

Back 50

Killing of a large group of people based on ethnic group or nation. (The Srebrenica massacre is the most recent genocide committed in Europe)