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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Growth Rate Calculation
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birth rate-death rate+ net migration
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Social Movements, what do they need and what are they?
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large number of people who organize eithier to promote or to resist social change, needs: people, leaders, organization, a cause, money, and media P. 416
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Enviromental Injustice
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minorites and the poor being the ones who suffer the most from the effects of pollution. P. 424
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Definition of Wealth
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When you add up the value of someones property and subtract that person's debts P 188
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Social Change
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Is a shift in the characteristics of culture and society P. 406
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The Power elite
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refers to those who make the big decisions in US soiety P 192
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Status inconsistency
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A mixture of high and low ranks. Can lead to anome P 195
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Social Mobility
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Can be upward or downward usually depending on income. Like climbing up and down a ladder P 202
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How many sons pass thier dad on the Social Ladder
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Half P. 202
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Who is poor?
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1 in 4 people who drop out of high school are poor and only 3 in 100 people who finsih college are poor
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What is feminization of Poverty?
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Households headed by only a mother are the most likely to be poor. because women on avergae only earn 72% of what men earn. P 206
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Why are people poor?
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Because of racial-ethnic, age, gender dicrimination, and chages in the job market. P. 208
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Race
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Is BIOLOGICAL, a group of people with inherited physical characteristics that distinguish it from another group. P 214
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Ethnicity
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Is CULTURAL
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Genocide
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the attempt to destroy a group of people because of their presumed race or ethnicity P. 216
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Minority group as define my Louis Wirth
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people who are singled our for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination. P. 217
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Discrmination
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is an ACTION, unfair treatment directed against someone. P 218
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Racism
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When the basis of discrimination is someone's perception of race. P 220
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Prejudice
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a prejudging of some sort, usually in a negative way. Discrimination is often the result of an attitude called Prejudice. P 220
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Scapegoat
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Someone a group unfairly blames there troubles on, often a racial-ethnic or religious group P. 223
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Split labor market
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The division of wokers along racial-ethnic and gender lines P. 224
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Selective perception
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if we apply lanels to a group they lead us to see certain things while they blind us to others. P. 224
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Chicanos
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refers to americans from Mexico P. 228
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Spillover bigotry
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a sterotype that lumped Asians together, depicting them as sneaky, lazy, and untrustworthy. P. 238
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Patriarchy
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men dominating society P. 254
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Feminism
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the view that biology is not destiny and that stratification by by gender is wrong and should be resisted-met with strong opposition P. 257
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Coronary bypass surgery
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women are twice as likley to die compared to men after this surgery, they balme this on cold heated surgeons and thier additued towards women P. 259
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Life Expectancy
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the number of years people can expect to live P. 269
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The shifting meaning of growing old
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In colonial times growing old was seen as an accomplishment because so few people made it to old age. P. 272
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Routinization of charisma
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Weber used this to refer to the transition of authority from a charismatic leader to either traditional or rational-legat authority P. 286
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Representative democracy
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a form of democracy in which voters elect representatives to meet together to discuss issues and make decisions on thier behalf. P. 287
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Totalitarianism
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is almost total control of a people by the government P. 288
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Democrats in the US
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are associated with the working class; means power for the people P 287-288
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Republicains in the US
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Are associatied with more wealthy people P 288
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Voter Apathy
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indifference of voters P. 291
They don't feel like thier vote or the person elected will make any differance |
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Pluralism
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a diffusion of power among many special-interest groups, prevents any one group from gaining control of the government and using it to oppress the people P 293
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What brought the next major change in preindustrial soicieties?
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the PLOW, ushers us in to agricultural societies, made farming more productive. P. 298
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Postindustrial society
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has 6 characteristics
1. a service sector so large that most people worked in it 2. a vast surplus of goods 3. even more extensive trade among nations 4. a wider variety and quantity of goods available to the average person 5. an information explosion 6. a global village P. 299 |
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1800's farming vs today
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in the 1800's a farmer produces enough for 5 people, now feeds about 80 people.
P. 299 |
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Capitalism
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leads to social inequality
P. 301 |
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Laissez-faire capitalism
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means hands off capitalism, means that the government doesn't interfere in the market P. 301
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What are the functions of marriage? Who holds athority?
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Traditional Society: encompassing (6 functions of family) and Patriarchy(authority held by men)
Industrail Societies: More limited, although some patriachal features remian authority is divided more equally P 317 |
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Egalitrian
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family patterns becoming more equal
P 317 |
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What are the 6 functions of family?
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economic producation, socialization of children, care of the sick and aged, recreation, sexual control, and reproducation,
P. 319 |
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Adultolescents
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the not so empty nest, refers to children staying home longer because of high cost of living and longer college programs.
P. 324 |
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Asian American parent and punishment
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They are more likley to use shame and guilt as punishment, then phyisical abuse.
P. 326 |
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Who is most likely to remarry?
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younger mothers
P. 335 |
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The dark side of family life, who is more likely to physically abuse? Men or Women?
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It is equal P. 334
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What are 2 reasons we have public education?
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More educated work force
and to americanize immigrants P. 344 |
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What do catholic schools produce better students?
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They do not lower thier standards, very high standards
P. 353 |
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Religion, 3 elements
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Beliefs, practices, and a moral community
P. 357 |
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Cosmology
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a unified picture of the world, this can be created with peoples beliefs
P 360 |
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Ecclesa
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State religions, government and religion work together to try to shape society
P 366 |
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What is the largest christain group in the US?
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Protestant
P 368, table 13.2 |
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The lowly potato
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The spanish found that people in the Andes Mountains ate this veggie and it became a main food in the lower class, doubling the population in the 1700's
P. 376 |
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Megacity
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when a cities population hits 10 million it is refered to as a Megacity (New York)
P. 391 |
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White Flight
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refers to when white people fled the cities in the 1950s and headed to the suburbs, ended in the 1970's.
P. 391 |
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Who lives in the cities? (5 groups)
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1. Cosmopolites
2. The Singles 3. The ethnic Villagers 4. The Deprived 5. The Trapped P. 398 |
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Modernization
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transformation of tradiational societies into industrial societies
P. G4, 407 |
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Dialectical process
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Marxs view on confict over power; each ruling group sows the seeds of its own destruction.
P. 410 |
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Diffusion
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The spread of an invention or discovery from one area to another, specifically the steel axes going to austrailia, the men only made these with a special stone and the women had to ask to use them, now everyone had access to axes, so the men lost status and power.
P 411 |
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Propaganda
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the presentation of information in an attempt to influence people. Positive or Negative
P. 418 |
