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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define: deviance
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violation of rules or norms
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Define: Crime
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violation of norms as laws
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Define: Stigma
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blemishes on a "normal" identity/sociey
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What are (the 3) definitions of deviance?
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1. stresses social context, not individual behavior
2. recognizes that not all behaviors are judged similarly by all groups 3. recognizes that established rules and norms are socially created, no just morally decreed or individually imposed **Macro |
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What is the Functionalist view of Deviance? (2)
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1. society needs criminal behavior, it helps identify what the boundaries are
2. deviance produces social cohesion **Macro |
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What is the Conflict view of deviance? (1)
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argues that the causes of crime are social and economic forces operating within society
**Micro |
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What is the individualist view of deviance?
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The labeling theory (Thomas Theorem)
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What is the Labeling Theory?
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labels become reality (Thomas Theory)
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What is street crime?
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illegitimate opportunity structure, part of every day life
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What are white collar crimes?
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crimes committed by respectable, high social class people (ie: fraud, false advertising, etc)
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What are the Social Policy Reactions to Deviance? (4)
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1. Retribution
2. Deterrence 3. Rehabilitation 4. Incapacitation |
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Define: Social Stratification
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a hierarchy of relative privilege based on power, poverty and prestige
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Define: Global Stratification
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The 3 Worlds:
Most Industrialized (1st world: US, some Europe, etc) Industrializing (2nd world: Soviet Union, some Europe, etc) Least Industrialized (3rd world: Sudan, Kenya, etc) |
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How did the world's nations become stratified? (4)
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1. colonialism
2. World System Theory 3. Culture of Poverty 4. Functionalist, Conflict, Symbolic Theories |
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According to the Functionalists, why is social stratification universal? (4)
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1. society must make sure all positions are filled
2. some positions are more important than others 3. more important positions are filled by more qualified people 4. to motivate the qualified people, they must be rewarded |
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What is the Master Trait (of Gender)? (3)
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1. gender is created out of and in addition to the biological definitions of male and female
2. Gender is a system of behavioral expectations, power relations, images, stereotypes, and social rewards (encompasses sex and sexuality) 3. Studying how women and men "do gender" differently |
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What is the Thomas Theorem as applied to gender?
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those (things) we define as real become real in their consequences
(self full filling prophecy) |
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How are women discriminated against in society?
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educationally, economically, socially, politically,
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What are the 5 kinds of sexual deviance?
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1. prostitution
2. pornography 3. teen pregnancy 4. abortion 5. homosexuality |
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Define: Race
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category of me and women who share BIOLOGICALLY transmitted (physical) TRAITS that members of sociey deem important
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Define: Ethnicity
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shared cultural HERITAGE and HISTORY, ancestors, language and religion
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What is prejudice?
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an attitude a prejudging of a whole group of people
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What is discrimination?
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a behavior or action - singling out a person or group for unfair treatment
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Native Americans in racial groups/minorities
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Trail of Tears, Reservations
Involuntary |
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African Americans in racial minorities/groups
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slavery, Dred Scott case
Involuntary, forced |
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Asian Americans in racial groups/minorities
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"model minority", WWII
Voluntary |
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WASP
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white elitists
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10 Things to Know about Race
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1. modern idea
2. no genetic basis 3. human subspecies don't exist 4. skin color is only skin deep 5. most variation is within, not between races 6. slavery predates race 7. race and freedom evolved together 8. race justified social inequalities as natural 9. isn't biological, but it's still real 10. colorblindness won't end racism |
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Define: Family
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how can it be defined?
extended, nuclear |
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What is marriage?
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how can it be defined?
intimacy |
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Define: endogamy
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marriage within a group
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Define: exogamy
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marriage outside a group
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What is the difference between monogamy and polygamy?
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single marriages vs. plural marriages
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What are gender expectations?
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men's stereotypes, Old Maid/Bachelor, marriage benefits men > women
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What is Love and Marriage? (3)
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1. Courtly love
2. Social arrangement 3. Ideas of romantic love are cultural |
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Breadwinner Role - Rise and Challenge
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Rise: men take responsibility of household, etc
Challenge: women's rights, alternatives to marriage, decline in men's wages, etc |
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Facts about divorce
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1. age of spouses
2. length of engagement 3. age at marriage 4. length of marriage (2 years) 5. social class 6. education 7. residence 8. 2nd marriages 9. religion |
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What are the 3 phases of domestic violence?
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Phase 1: Tension building
Phase 2: Violence Phase 3: Period of Remorse Repeated |
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What is social distance?
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<---inhumanity and rejection---humanity and acceptance--->
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