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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does does TANF stand for and what program did it replace in what year?
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TANF (Temporary Assistance to Needy Families) replaced AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependant Children) in 1996
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What are the three types of income?
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1.property
2. participation in the work force 3. government transfers |
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What four things are unequally distributed in social stratification?
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1. Income
2. Wealth 3. Education 4. Occupation |
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what is a person's "life chances"?
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how a persons position within a system of stratification affects the quality of his or her life
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What was the median household income in 2005?
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$46,000
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What was the poverty line in 2006 for a family of four? for an individual?
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$20,000 for a family of four
$9,800 for an individual |
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What was the poverty rate in 2005 for people in the U.S. in percentage and absolute numbers?
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12.6%, 37 million people
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What was the poverty rate in 2005 for children?
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17.6%
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What are the "working poor"?
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People in the labor force (or looking for work) at least 27 hours per week whose income puts them below the poverty line.
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How many people are considered "working poor" and what percent of them work full time?
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7.4 million people
60% work full time |
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In 2005, how many people in the U.S. (percentage & absolute numbers) did not have health insurance?
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15.9%, 46.6 million
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In 2005, how many children in the U.S. were not covered by health insurance (percent)?
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11.5%
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What were four programs created by FDR in 1932?
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1. Direct Relief
2. Job Programs 3. OASDI (Old Age, Survivors, & Disability) 4. Unemployment insurance |
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What four things were instituted during the "War on Poverty" in the 1960s?
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1. Food stamps
2. Medicare 3. Medicaid 4. Headstart |
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What is Medicare?
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health insurance for those receiving social security, regardless of income
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What is Medicaid?
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medical insurance for those receiving aid from AFDC
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What is Headstart?
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a preschool program for 3 & 4 year olds whose families are poor
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What act was passed in 1996 that abolished the AFDC and established TANF, among other things?
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The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act
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What is the life-time limit for welfare aid?
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5 years
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In how many years do adults have to work when on welfare?
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2 years
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What were five things that the 1996 Welfare Reform did?
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1. Abolished AFDC
2. TANF formed-->block grants to states 3. Life-time Limit 4. Adults must work within 2 years. Educational activities no longer count as work. 5. Cuts in food stamps (later, restrictions on immigrants eased). |
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The 1996 Welfare Reform reduced the number of people on welfare from...to....
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5 to 2 million
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The 1996 Welfare Reform ____ the number of employed women on welfare
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increased
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The 1996 Welfare Reform ______ employed women's access to healthcare
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decreased
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The 1996 Welfare Reform _______ child care support, but it is still _______
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increased, insufficient
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The average TANF family size is ___, which consists of ____
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2.8, a mother and two kids
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The maxiumum monthly benefit for a family of 3 in Oklahoma is ___ for cash assistance, ___ for food stamps, and ____ total
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$292 - cash assistance
$341 - food stamps $7596 - total |
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Before 1996, AFDC accounted for ___% of the federal budget. Food stamps accounted for ___%
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AFDC - 1%
Food Stamps - 2% |
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The Fair Housing Act was passed in ___
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1968
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Public schools, especially in the South, resegregated in the ____
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1990s
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What are the four explanations for why kids who have higher family incomes or are higher in social position/caste have higher test scores than those who arent?
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1. socioeconomic disadvantage
2. segregation & isolation 3. stigmatized identity 4. John Ogbu's cross-cultural theory of differences between voluntary immigrants and involuntary minorities |
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What are IRBs?
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Institutional Review Boards that have to approve of sociological research before it can take place.
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What question did Ehrenreich try to answer in her book?
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How do low-wage, "unskilled" workers make ends meet?
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What are the 3 rules Ehrenreich set for herself?
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1. She could not fall back on any skills derived from her education or usual work in her search for jobs.
2. She had to take the highest paying job offered and do her best to hold it. 3. she had to take the cheapest accomodations available that were reasonably safe and private |
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What were 5 ways Ehrenreich differed from her fellow workers?
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1. She was only temporarily visiting the world of poverty
2. She was white and a native English speaker 3. She had a car 4. She didnt have children 5. She was in better health than most members of the long-term low-wage workforce |
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What worker right did a federal law passed in 1998 secure?
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the right to bathroom breaks
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What percent of people in the work force hold two or more jobs?
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6.2%
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What was the median weekly wage of a private household worker in 1998? How much is this below the poverty level?
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$223 a week, $23 a week below
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What is the percentage of households that hired someone to clean for them in 1999?
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14-18%
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What percent (& absolute number) of poor renters pay more than 50% of their income on shelter?
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59%, 4.4 million households
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The lowest 1/5 of earners make ____% of the income
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3.5%
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The highest 1/5 of earners make ____% of the income
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50%
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What are the 6 classes?
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1. capitalist class
2. upper-middle class 3. middle class 4. working class 5. working-poor class 6. underclass |
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Wealth is ___ unequally distributed than income
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more
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What are the top 5 occupations that will have the largest job growth?
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1. registered nurses
2. postsecondary teachers 3. retail salespersons 4. customer service representatives 5. food preparation & service workers |
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What is the SSS hourly wage and annual wage for a single parents w/ 2 kids in Tulsa, OK?
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$16 - hourly wage
$33,000 - annual wage |
