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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Experiment
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A research method that exposes subjects to a specially designed situation. The most effective technique for establishing cause-and-effect relation ships among variables.
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Median
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The number that falls in the middle of a sequence of figures.
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Spurious Correlation
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A correlation between two variables that has no meaningful casual basis.
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Standard Deviation
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A statistical measurement of how far other recorded instances fall from the mean or from another central point.
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Egoistic Suicide
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Durkheim's term for suicide that results from social isolation and individualism.
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Hypothesis
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A tentative statement that predicts how two or more variables affect or are related to one another.
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Cross-Cultural Research
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Studies that describe social patterns in societies other than the researcher's own.
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Validity
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The degree to which a scientific study measures what it attempts to measure.
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Mode
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The figure that occurs most often in a series of data.
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Interview
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A conversation through which an investigator seeks information from a research subject.
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Population
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In a survey, the total number of people who share a characteristic that is being studied.
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Dependent Variable
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In an experiment, the quality or factor that is affected by one or more independent variables.
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Mean
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The average obtained by adding all figures in a series of data and dividing the sum by the number of items.
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Correlation Coefficient
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A decimal number between zero and one that is used to show the strength of a correlation.
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Reliability
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The degree to which a study yields the same results when repeated by the original researcher or by others.
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Overt Participant Observation
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A research technique in which the investigator participates in the activities of those being observed and in which the investigator's role is made known.
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Independent Variable
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In an experiment, the quality or factor that affects one or more dependent variables.
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Secondary Analysis
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Reanalysis of data previously collected for other purposes.
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Operational Definition
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A measurable indicator for one of the variables in a hypothesis.
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Covert Participant Observation
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A research technique in which people's activities are observed without their knowledge and in which the investigators never identify themselves as sociologists.
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Ethnographies
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Studies in which researchers observe people in their everyday settings, usually over an extended period.
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Random Sample
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A sample drawn in such a way that every member of the population under study has an equal chance of being selected.
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