Sociology Ch. 9

Front 1

Alienation

Back 1

a pervasive sense of powerlessness, meaninglessness, normlessness, isolation, and self-estrangement

Front 2

Authoritarianism

Back 2

a political system in which the government tolerates little or no opposition to its rules but permits nongovernmental centers of influence and allows debate on issues of public policy

Front 3

Authority

Back 3

legitimate power

Front 4

Capitalist Economy

Back 4

an economic system relying primarily on free markets and privately held property

Front 5

Charismatic Authority

Back 5

power that is legitimated by the extraordinary superhuman or supernatural qualities people attribute to a leader

Front 6

Civil Society

Back 6

a social realm of mediating groups, networks, and institutions that sustains public life outside the worlds of the state and the economy

Front 7

Core Regions

Back 7

geographical areas that dominate the world economy and exploit the rest of the system

Front 8

Corporate Interlocks

Back 8

networks of individuals who serve on the boards of directors of multiple corporations

Front 9

Democracy

Back 9

a political system in which the powers of government derive from the consent of the governed and in which regular constitutional avenues exist for changing government officials

Front 10

Force

Back 10

power whose basis is the threat or application of punishment

Front 11

Government

Back 11

those political processes that have to do with the authoritative formulating of rules and policies that are binding and pervasive throughout a society

Front 12

Interest Groups

Back 12

organizations of people who share common concerns or points of view

Front 13

Interests

Back 13

people who share common concerns or points of view

Front 14

Legal-Rational Authority

Back 14

power that is legitimated by explicit rules and rational procedures that define the rights and duties of the occupants of given positions

Front 15

Mass Media

Back 15

those organizations - newspapers, magazines, television, radio, motion pictures, and the Internet - that undertake to convey information to a large segment of the public

Front 16

Multinational Corporations

Back 16

firms that have their central office in one country and subsidiaries in other countries

Front 17

Olgiopoly

Back 17

a market dominated by a few firms

Front 18

Periphery Regions

Back 18

geographical areas that provide raw materials to the core and that are exploited by it

Front 19

Political Actions Committees (PACs)

Back 19

interest groups set up to elect or defeat candidates, but not through the organization of a political party

Front 20

Political Party

Back 20

an organization designed to gain control of the government by putting its people in public office

Front 21

Political Power

Back 21

power that is organized and wielded by the state

Front 22

Politics

Back 22

the processes by which people and groups acquire and exercise power

Front 23

Public - Interest Groups

Back 23

interest groups that pursue policies that presumably would be of no greater benefit to their members than to the larger society

Front 24

Socialist Economy

Back 24

an economic system relying primarily seek benefits from which their members would derive more gains than the society as a whole

Front 25

Special - Interest Groups

Back 25

interest groups that primarily seek benefits from which their members would derive more gains than the society as a whole

Front 26

State

Back 26

an arrangement that consists of people who exercise an effective monopoly in the use of physical coercion within a given territory

Front 27

Totalitarianism

Back 27

a "total state" in which the government undertakes to control all parts of the society and all aspects of social life

Front 28

Traditional Authority

Back 28

power that is legitimated by the sanctity of age-old customs