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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Religion
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social institution with beliefs and practices bases on the sacared
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Profane
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ordinary element of everyday life
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Sacred
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extraordinary inspiring awe and reverence
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Sociological analysis of religion involves?
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Functional- Durkheim- society has power and life beyond individuals
Conflict- Marx- supports inequality Symbolic- Berger- socially constructed |
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Functions of society?
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1- social cohesion (religion unites people)
2- social control (societies religion promotes conformity) 3- Provides meaning/purpose |
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Symbolic interaction people view religion how?
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it is socially constructed and uses rituals that make a distinction between profane and sacred
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Marx believed what about religion?
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serves elites by make status quo legit and diverts attention from inequality (linked to gender)
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Traits of religious fundementals?
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1- words of sacred texts taken literally
2- reject religious pluralism 3- pursue personal experience in God's presence 4. oppose "secular humanism 5. endorse conservative political goals |
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Church
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religious organization well intargrated into a larger society
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Sect
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religious organization that stands apart from society
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Denomination
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church that recognizes religious pluralism
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Cult
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organization largely outside societies tradations
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Where is a charismatic leader most likely to be found?
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in a cult
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What is the religion of most high income nations?
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Christianity
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Education
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society provides us with important knowledge for life
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Tracking
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assigning students to different types of education programs
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Mainstreaming
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integrating students with disabilities into public schooling
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Latent functions of schooling?
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school establishes networks that serve as a valuable career resource for life
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Symbolic approach to learning?
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people create reality in daily interactions (example= stereotypes- people become what they are told to believe)
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Main cause of achievement gap between rich and poor children?
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money
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Why are public schools loosing teachers?
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1- low salaries
2- frustration 3- retirement |
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Most common cause of death in low income nations?
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1- little to eat
2- poor sanitation 3- poor medical care |
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Greatest preventable cause of death in the US?
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Not Smoking
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Most widespread health problem related to eating in the US?
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obesity
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Medicine
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fighting disease and improving health
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Socialized Medicine
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government operate medical facilities
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Demography
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the study of human population
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Fertility
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how often children are born in a country
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Zero Population Growth
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level of reproduction which maintains a steady state
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Megalopolis
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urban area containing cities and their suburbs
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What high income nation relies most on free market system for medical
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US
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What is the most common way medical treatment is paid for?
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Private Insurance
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Current shortage of nurses?
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fewer people are entering profesion because of more occupation choices or they are unhappy
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Structural approach to health and medicine?
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illness is dysfunctional for society
sick role- releases one from responsibilities until they heel |
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Social conflict approach to health and medicine?
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the rich have more access to good health care and the industry drives for profits over the needs of the people
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Symbolic approach to health and medicine?
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society defines it different in every culture, and how one defines their health affects how they feel
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Crude birth rate in high income nations compares globally?
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cultural norms set limits
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Region in the world with the highest birth and mortality rate?
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Africa
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What is the population growth a result of in high income nations?
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grow from immigrations and natural increase
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Why did families have many children throughout history?
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human labor was the key to productivity
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Ideas of Malthus?
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1- population growth will soon lead to chaos
2- population would increase by geometric progression 3- food production will increase and lead to starvation 4- birth control can change this |
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Snowbelt cities
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northwest and midwest
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Sunbelt cities
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south and west
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Tonnie's concept of Gemeinschaft
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(community) tied to kinship and religion
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Tonnie's concept of Gesellschaft
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(association) come together through self iterest
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Durkheim's Medical solidarity
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traditional rural life- bonds based on sentiments and moral values
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Durkheim's Organic solidarity
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bonds based on specialization and interdependence
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What accounts for most water use in the world today?
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farming
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What is happening to the overall temperature on planet?
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rose 1 degree F in the last century
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Collective Behavior
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people in an unplanned activity often contraversal and sometimes dangerous
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Why is collective behavior difficult to study?
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it is diverse and hard to explain
1- contains little to no interactions 2- there are not clear boundaries 3- it is weak and has unconventional norms |
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Mobs
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emotional crowd of people that pursue a violent goal
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Riots
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social eruption that is emotional, violent, and undirected
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Gossip
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rumor about ones personal affairs
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Rumor
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unconfirmed information the people spread by word of mouth
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Fads
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social patterns that people embrace briefly but greatly
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Fashion
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social pattern favored by a large amount of people
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