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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the making of laws and norms involve?
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It involves social and political power, the public and journalistic framing of crime/deviance, and the limited rationality and attention span of the public and politicians.
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What does the breaking of laws and norms involve? (social constructions of...5)
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1. time
2. behavior 3. class 4. race 5. gender |
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The record of where theorists come form, what they believe, and how taht affets their work.
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Epistemology
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"Crime is necessary."
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Progress
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"Psychological mechanisms."
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Group Social
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"Crime is always present."
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Society of Saints
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Describe deviance.
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Acting out of the norm.
Not Criminal. Strong stigma attached. |
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What does it mean to be criminal?
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Acting contrary to the law.
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Complies with laws and norms.
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Legal, "normal" behavior.
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Complies with laws but violates norms.
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Deviant.
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Violates laws but complies with norms.
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Criminal.
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Violates laws and violates norms.
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Criminal and deviant.
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In what level of analysis are individuals and very small groups studied. Examples?
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Micro.
Psychological and Economic theories. |
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What level of analysis studies networks, groups and organizations?
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Meso.
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What level of analysis studies nations, states, economies, and cultures?
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Macro.
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Law and Economics
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Micro
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Social Disorganization
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Macro
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Culture and Subcultures.
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Meso
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Differential Association
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Meso
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Critical Economic
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Macro
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Synthesis of Bio and Soc.
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Multi-Level
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By definition, laws create __ and norms create __.
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Laws create crime and norms create deviance.
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What can we study on the macro level about the Hell's Angels?
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Employability.
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What can we study on the meso level about the Hell's Angels?
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Membership.
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What can we study on the micro level about the Hell's Angels?
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"Out of the ballgame" and police records.
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HA: __ are the marginal.
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Members
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HA: Mix of __ to the law and __ for "citizens."
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Mix of obedience to the law and contempt for "citizens."
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What is the HA's best tradition?
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Dying homeless and stone broke.
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Which US Senator outlawed the Hell's Angels?
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George Murphy
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HA: What did the media sensationalize and lie about when the charges were dropped.
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Monterey Rape
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Who talks about the degeneration of the media?
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Kierkegaard
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Who talks about the media and crime waves?
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Ray Surette
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Those with the power to __ are often those who define deviance and criminality.
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define reality
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The Hell's Angels and __ operate on the same emotional wavelength.
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Oakland cops
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How did the SF Examiner change the frame for the Hell's Angels?
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By opposing them to the hippies, they became the new misunderstood patriots.
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Hollister Hill Climb/Event/Riot in 1947
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Many drop outs from conventional society after wars- even WWII.
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What changed the frame from punk to authentic outlaw hero?
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Wild Ones
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New victims of HA are "John Wayne" types who __.
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brought it on themselves.
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What gives the HA's life meaning?
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Participation in a group activity.
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An Angel on his own turf is like __.
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mafia
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How is the C Street Gang and Family similar to the Hell's Angels? (9)
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1. Mafia like
2. Sexually deviant actions 3. Criminal actions 4. Attitudes toward citizens 5. Sense of superiority and untouchable 6. "New Chosen" beliefs 7. Contempt for democracy 8. Affinity for dictators, especially Hitler 9. Male dominated, women are tools |
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How is the C-Street Gang and Family different from the Hell's Angels? (5)
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1. Seek converts
2. Center of the economic ballgame 3. Has great political power 4. No label as criminal 5. No social response, enforcement |
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How is Goldman Sachs similar to the Hell's Angels? (7)
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1. Mafia like
2. Criminal actions, but fraud 3. Attitude towards citizens 4. Sense of superiority and untouchable 5. "Best people" beliefs 6. Contempt for democracy 7. Male dominated, women are tools |
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How is Goldman Sachs different from the Hell's Angels? (4)
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1. Center of economic ballgame
2. Has great political power 3. No label as criminal 4. No social response or enforcement |
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Difference between black letter and enforced law? What is society more interested in?
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Prohibition, fornication, and draft dodging.
Society is more interested in enforced law. |
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What does Hagan ask?
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What is and should be crime? deviant?
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Who?: prevent harm to others, classic liberal
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JS Mill
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Who?: enforce particular morality to teach rectitude, classic conservative
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Steven
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Morality --> Law, and problems if law goes in a different direction
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Consensus
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Power --> Law is a weapon sued by the powerful to maintain power
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Conflict/Critical
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Deviance theory: devils, shunning
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Supernatural
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Deviance theory: free will and choice, Econ Chicago School
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Rationalism
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Deviance theory: determinism
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Lombroso and Bio
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Deviance theory: often determinism
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Psych Theories
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Deviance theory: Sociology and Chicago School
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Econ, Social Determinism/Influences
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Deviance Theory: "The System"
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Labeling
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What are the policy uses of crime rates?
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To find out what work and what doesn't. Ex) Elections: Chicago, Atlanta etc. and defounding, unfounding
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What does Jack Katz talk about?
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New York v LA Framing differences
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Katz: police are organized and gangs are disorganized and chaotic in __
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New York
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Katz: gangs are organized and police are disorganized in __.
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LA
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How do we know what we think we know? (4)
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1. We are told by authoriteis
2. We can observe 3. Official statistics 4. Self-report studies |
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What are two official statistics?
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1. index crimes
2. victim surveys |
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This is collected y the FBI from theoretically every police agency.
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Uniform Crime Report
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What crimes do index crimes include? (8)
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1. willful homicide
2. forcible rape 3. robber 4. burglary 5. aggravated assault 6. larceny over $50 7. motor vehicle theft 8. arson |
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What is the Uniform Crime Report good and bad for and what does it emphasize?
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It strongly emphasizes standardization.
It is good for longitudinal comparisons within a district and poor for comparisons of districts and it is weak on "shadow/dark figure" of crimes. |
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What is essentially a Census bureau panel study and interviews the panel every 6 months?
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Victim Survey
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What are instrument problems? (4)
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1. sample
2. offenses biased toward theft 3. measurement redundancy 4. poor response categories |
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What are administration problems?
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Anonymity? Interview or questionnaire?
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Survey: annual panel, probability sample, non overlap, includes serious crimes, interviews rather than questionnaires
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National Youth Survey
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What were the findings of the National Youth Survey?
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Race was significant, especially in property crimes. (lower class > working > middle > upper)
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Earlier differences in the National Youth Survey were due to __.
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testing mechanisms
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Who says that "it isn't what you don't know that gets you in trouble, but hwat you think you know that is wrong that is really the problem."
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Zimring
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Ray Surette says that fear follows __, not actual rates.
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media sweeps weeks
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Fear inverse to risk is called __.
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Victimology
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Examples of decoupling. (3)
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1. Deviance and crime seriousness
2. Crime and punishment 3. Crime data and fear of crime |
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Kathleen Hall Jamieson of U Penn and Communication studies found taht TV news watchers were __ while there was __ with print news readers.
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TV news watchers were more afraid of crime while there was no relation with with print news readers.
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What kind of crimes make women feel more vulnerable?
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Rape and sex crimes
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In Britain, the biggest fear of crime was in women because __.
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they had more to lose
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Who talks about fear as social control?
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Jonathan Simon
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What study done in Memphis, Seattle, and Galveston used home guns as a measure of fear?
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Journal of Trauma Study
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This meso level theory made by President Johnson was attacked in favor of a war on crime.
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"Blocked opportunities" theory
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The poor went from ignored, to deviant, to criminal because of __.
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the change in drug laws
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Who wanted "vigorous symbolic leadership?"
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Nixon
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This focuses on street and drug crime.
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"KNOW"
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This focuses on the permissive society and harsh punishment.
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"DO"
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Which president put 100,000 more cops on the street?
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Clinton
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How are crime, deviance, and terror similar? (5)
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1. interdisciplinary
2. socially constructed 3. law in action (not just books) 4. white males 5. undermine social trust |
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How is terror different from crime and deviance? (6)
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1. not a specific act
2. results in macro level responses 3. seeks publicity 4. seeks political goals 5. altruistic hero 6. innovator |
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How are crime, deviance, and terror mixed? (3)
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1. organized
2. sustained program of violence 3. both have mix of specific and random victims |
