Sociology 260 (Textbook) Review

Front 1

What three traits best characterize the common-sense view of suicide?

Back 1

1. antisocial

2. private

3. rare

Front 2

Who demonstrated that suicide is more than just an individual act of desperation and that social forces strongly influence suicide rates?

Back 2

Emile Durkeim

Front 3

Define social solidarity

Back 3

1. the degree to which group members share beliefs and values and 2. the intensity and frequency of their interaction

Front 4

Define solidaristic

Back 4

society related

Front 5

Define altruistic

Back 5

showing a disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others (unselfish)

Front 6

Define anomic

Back 6

a state of individuals or society caused by a breakdown (or lack) of social norms and values

Front 7

Define egoistic

Back 7

centered or preoccubied with onself and ones desires (self-centered)

Front 8

A couple have been married for 50 years when the husband is diagnosed with an acute, terminal illness. He decides to commit suicide. His wife, who is in good health, decides that life is not worth living without her partner, and decides to take her own life at the same time. What type of suicide does the wife commit?

a. solidaristic

b. altruistic

c. anomic

d. egoistic

Back 8

B: Altruistic

Front 9

Name three factors that has decreased social solidarity among Canadian youth.

Back 9

1. more unemployment

2. more divorce

3. less religion

Front 10

What type of social structure is patriarchy?

Back 10

macro

Front 11

What does the sociological imagination develop the connection between? (2)

Back 11

personal troubles and social structures

Front 12

What did Durkeim call suicide in high solidarity settings?

Back 12

altruistic

Front 13

What did Durkeim call suicide in low solidarity settings?

Back 13

egoistic or anomic

Front 14

Why does egoistic suicide occur?

Back 14

poor integration of people into society because of weak social ties to others

Front 15

Why does anomic suicide occur?

Back 15

vague norms govern behaviour

Front 16

Who wrote that "suicide varies with the degree of integration of the social groups of which the individual forms a part"?

Back 16

Emile Durkeim

Front 17

What are three aspects that affect youth suicide today?

Back 17

1. church attendance is down

2. unemployment is down

3. rate of divorce has increasd

Front 18

Define theories

Back 18

tentative explanations of some aspects of social life that state how and why certain facts are related

Front 19

Define research

Back 19

the process of systematically observing reality to assess the validity of a theory

Front 20

Define values

Back 20

ideas about what is good and bad, right and wrong.

Front 21

What are the four major theoretical traditions in society?

Back 21

1. Functionalism

2. Conflic Theory

3. Symbolic Interactionism

4. Feminism

Front 22

Durkeim's theory of suicide is an early example of what sociologists now call ...?

Back 22

Functionalism

Front 23

Describe Functionalism (4)

Back 23

1. Functionlism stresses that human behaviour is governed by relatively stable social structures.

2. It underlines how social structures maintain or undermine social stability

3. It emphasizes that social structures are based mainly on shared values or preferences

4. It suggests that re-establishing equilibrium can best solve most social problems.

Front 24

What are the greatest obstacles to reducing Innu suicide by returning to a traditional lifestyle?

Back 24

political

Front 25

What is the cause of slavery in America?

Back 25

profit motive under the conditions of labour scarcity

Front 26

What is at the core of the Scientific Revolution?

Back 26

Method

Front 27

Which revolution inspired the idea that they could be solved without divine intervention?

Back 27

The Democratic Revolution

Front 28

Whose ideas were most influenced by the ideas of Charles Darwin?

Back 28

Herbert Spencer

Front 29

A parent tells her child, “You should brush your teeth after every meal.” What is the parent expressing?

Back 29

a value

Front 30

Which best describes functionalism?

Back 30

Human behaviour is governed by stable patterns of social relations.

Front 31

Who was the foremost North American proponent of functionalism?

Back 31

Talcott Parsons

Front 32

What theoretical tradition is a person who claims to be a Marxist most closely aligned with?

Back 32

Conflict

Front 33

What do conflict theorists suggest as a means to lower the level of conflict in societies?

Back 33

eliminating privilege

Front 34

What is the name for the belief that a state of grace can be obtained through hard work and a frugal lifestyle?

Back 34

Protestant ethic

Front 35

Which theoretical tradition includes a “Cultural turn” as a development?

Back 35

conflict theory

Front 36

What level of analysis does symbolic interactionism focus on?

Back 36

micro

Front 37

Which set of terms best characterizes the feminist understanding of partriarchy?

a. micro, macro, changeable

b. macro, biological, changeable

c. micro, biological, inevitable

d. macro, social, inevitable

Back 37

A. micro, macro, changeable

Front 38

Most people do not shoplift, even if there are no security measures in a store. According to Foucault, what is this an example of?

Back 38

socialization of control

Front 39

Which shift characterizes the postindustrial revolution?

a. service to self-service

b. industry to manufacturing

c. manufacturing to service

d. Industry to globalization

Back 39

c. manufacturing to service

Front 40

Which statement does NOT exemplify a characteristic of globalization?

a. Isolation and independence of countries and people break down.

b. Institutions bind corporations and cultures together.

c. People are unaware of their growing interdependence.

d. Global economic, cultural and political ties multiply.

Back 40

C. People are unaware of their growing interdependence.

Front 41

True or False: Social solidarity increases as people share common beliefs and values, and interact more frequently.

Back 41

True

Front 42

True or False: Canadians with the highest suicide rates are Aboriginal peoples.

Back 42

True

Front 43

True or False: The term “sociological imagination” was coined by Émile Durkheim.

Back 43

False

Front 44

True or False: French and British colonies in the Americas relied exclusively on African labour.

Back 44

False

Front 45

True or False: Spencer’s “social Darwinist” theory justifies deep social inequalities.

Back 45

True

Front 46

True or False: The sociological perspective emphasizes constraint over freedom.

Back 46

False

Front 47

True or False: Conflict theory explains fashion cycles in a way that emphasizes the decision-making power of consumers.

Back 47

False

Front 48

True or False: Canadian sociologist Erving Goffman gained an international reputation for his neo-Marxist analysis of the French-English conflict.

Back 48

False

Front 49

True or False: Feminist theory claims that class inequality is the most important determinant of opportunity.

Back 49

False

Front 50

True or False: A central proposition of queer theory is that identities are unstable.

Back 50

True

Front 51

True or False: The concept of class conflict is more important in Marx’s than in Weber’s theory.

Back 51

True

Front 52

True or False: Functionalism is considered by some theorists as a conservative response to widespread social unrest in late nineteenth-century France.

Back 52

True