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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sociology
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Study of human society
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Functionalist Perspective
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Cultural values direct our lives. different parts of society work together to promote unity and stability
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Social Conflict
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Social change happens to due to conflict and inequality between classes, races and gender
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Symbolic Interaction
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Based on individual and everyday interactions between everyone is how social change occurs
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Variable
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something that changes from case to case
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Population
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Group of people living in an area
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Sample
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representational group
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Norms
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Rules and expectations of society
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Mores
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Observed norms that have severe consequences
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Folkways
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Routine interactions with no consequences
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Ethnocentrism
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judging someone else's culture by your own culture.(antonym of cultural relativism)
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Cultural relativism
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evaluating a culture by its own standards (antonym of ethnocentrism)
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Subculture
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this is created when a group of people have different practices than the majority of the population.
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Counterculture
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cultural practices that oppose the majority culture
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Status
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social position
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role
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behavior expected of a person of a certain status
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achieved status
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status acquired during someone's lifetime
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ascribed status
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status that is recieved at birth or involuntarily acquired later in life
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master status
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a status that has special importance for social identity and shapes someone's life
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primary group
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small social group where the pple involved share their personal lives and interact daily
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secondary group.
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a group where the members do not interact daily, and are only associates. it's large where the members pursue a specific goal
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bureaucracy
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organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks efficiently
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labeling theory
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deviance and conformity result not so much from what people do as from how others respond to those actions.
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deviance
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violation of cultural norms
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Auguste Comte
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coined the word sociology in 1838 to describe the way of thinking where people look at how society could be improved but importantly how it works
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C. Wright Mills
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said that social crisis sparks social change.
analyzed the sociological perspective in a detailed essay "The Promise" |
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Sociological Imagination
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helps us
analyze common sense, see opportunities and constraints in our lives, to be Active in society, and to live in a diverse world |
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Emile Durkheim
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Said that social forces are always at work.
Studied suicide patterns and said they were caused by social integration. |
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Jane Addams
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spoke out on behalf of immigrants.
Founded Hull House which assisted immigrant families. |
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W.E.B DuBois
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studied the black community and spoke out against racial inequality.
served as a founding member of the NAACP |
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Harriet Martineau
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translated writings of Auguste Comte from french to english
documented evils of slavery and argued laws to protect factory workers helped advance women` |
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Herbert Spencer
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Structural Functional pioneer
compared society to the human body Just like the body has organs and muscles and systems that work together so does society |
