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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define social inequality |
unequal distribution of resources |
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Define socioeconomic status |
social standing based on income, education, and occupation |
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Define Financial Wealth |
financial assets derived from income, savings, real estate, stocks, etc |
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What is net worth? |
Financial assest - liabilities (debt) |
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What is social stratification? |
-Socially sanctioned persistent patterns of inequality -groups of people hierarchally ranked based things you can see (race, gender, sex) |
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What types of systems of stratification are there? |
Relatively open systems Relatively closed systems |
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What are relatively open systems? |
open for social movement movement -canadian class system -social class |
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What are relatively closed systems? |
not open for social movement -slavery -india's caste system |
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What are the 6 social classes in canadian society |
Capitalist Upper-middle class Middle Class Working Class Working Poor Underclass |
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Who are the capitalist class? |
-Own society >$2mil -less than 1% of population |
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Who are the upper-middle class? |
-Run society (managers, working rich) >$104,401 |
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Who are the middle class? |
-People with uni degree, non-retail, trades >67,401 |
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Who are the working class? |
~LICO >43,701 |
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Who are the working poor? |
-Full-time, low-skill work -below LICO >$24,711 |
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Who are the underclass? |
-part-time, unemployed <$24,711 |
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Familyincome by quintile, 2011 Wealthiest 20% owns ___ % of the nation's income |
39.7% |
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Familyincome by quintile, 2011 2nd Wealthiest 20% owns ___ % of the nation's income |
23.3% |
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Familyincome by quintile, 2011 Median Wealthiest 20% owns ___ % of the nation's income |
17.2% |
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Familyincome by quintile, 2011 Second poorest 20% owns ___ % of the nation's income |
12.5% |
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Familyincome by quintile, 2011 Poorest 20% owns ___ % of the nation's income |
7.3% |
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What aspects are taken into account for low income cut off? |
food clothing shelter |
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What are considered non-essentials for the LICO? |
transportation education insurance raising children |
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Who is at risk for being under the LICO? |
-Single-parent families -children 17 and under -recent immigrants -indigenous people -people with work-limiting disabilities |
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How many canadians are homeless? |
300,000 |
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What are the risk factors for being homeless? |
-Lack of available housing -low income -unemployment -mental illness -divorce -substance abuse |
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How many people depend on food banks? |
about 1 million |
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What percentage of the homeless population are children/youths? |
38% |
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What are some health problems associated with homelessness? |
-higher risk of cancer, heart problems, etc -lower life expectancy |
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What is the average life expectancy of homeless people? |
39 years |
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Define vertical mobillity |
movement between classes |
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Define horizontal mobility |
movement within a class |
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Define intergenerational mobility |
social mobility within generations of a family |
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Define intragenerational mobility |
social mobility within someone's lifetime |
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What are the factors affecting social mobility? |
-inherited traits -education -work environment -demographic changes -public policies |
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What are the Neoliberal ideals? |
Privatization of public assets Deregulation of the market |
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Neoliberalism Role of the state: |
–Withdrawsfromall areas of social provision –Guaranteesintegrityof money –Securesprivate property throughlaw, police, military |
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Since the 1980’s:Global Rise ofNeoliberal Politics |
•Privatizationofpublic enterprises •Declineof high-income tax rates •Deregulationof the market •Declineof full-time employment •Declineof thesocial safetynet •Growingincome and wealth gaps |
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The top 1% income earners (throughout the years) |
1945-75 - 8% 1999 - 15% 2006 - 21.3% |
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The top 0.1% income earners (throughout the years) |
1978 - 2% 1999 - 6% |
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What was the average income of the wealthiest families (in 1992 and 2008) |
1992 - 1.27mil 2008 - 3.36mil |
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How did minimum wage compare to the LICO? (in 1975 and 2014) |
-in 1975, minimum wage was 40% above the LICO -in 2014, minimum wage was 30% below the LICO |
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What percentage of the nation's wealth is owned by the bottom 50% |
6% |
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What percentage of the nation's wealth is owned by the bottom 30% |
1% |
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The bottom 10% (wealthiest) has ________ more ________ than _________. |
$5,100 liabilities assets |
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The wealth of the 86 wealthiest individuals equals... |
The wealth of the poorest 11.4mil |
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Why is inequality functional |
-development of skills -meritocracy -most capable occupy most important -poor carry out important functions |
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Define strain |
gap between institutionalized goals and legitimate means |
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Merton's Mode of Adaptation |
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Conflict Perspective: Neoliberalism causes __________ |
Stratification -small corporate benefits -vast majority suffer economic decline |
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Conflict Perspective: Corporate Elite's Role: |
-construct rules that serve its own purpose -controls dominant ideology |
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Conflict Perspective: Inequality: |
Creates a false consciousness Change is possible |
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Postmodern perspective: Believes what dominates? |
-commercial enterprise dominates |
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Postmodern perspective: Neoliberalism ensures loss of: |
-historical perspective -political awareness -critical and moral agency |
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Poststructuralist Perspective: |
Neolib is in everyone's best interest discourses: institutionalized and in everyone's best interest |
