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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did we go from the theological stage to scientific stage?
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Through the metaphysical stage, phenomena = natural, start of secularization, there was resistance against the theological stage. When it comes to modernity, the scientific stage came about because we wanted a more utopian society. The scientific stage was during the end of the 18th century
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What are the basic ideas of enlightenment?
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Fall of the Roman Empire, rise of science, Isaac Newton ignited enlightenment. Changes in structure of society, revolutions, the fall of feudalism. Main idea of the enlightenment is progress and empiricism. Thinkers believed that progress was not only possible but inevitable. Nation state democracy., Capitalism, science, and mass media.
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Explain Comte’s philosophy
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Auguste Comte, the father of modern sociology, believed in positivism. He believed that there were natural laws ordering society and human interaction that could be discovered and adhered to in order to create a more just and peaceful society.
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According to Comte, what was the purpose of sociology? What were we to study?
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His purpose was to reorganize society after the French revolution destroyed monarchy. Comte believed we were to study the progress of new democracy. Also, to systematically study society to observe laws and rights for a just an ideal society through empiricism.
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What is theory and what are the two functions?
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A theory is an explanation of how something works and is built out of assumptions, perspectives, concepts, definitions and relationships. The two functions of theory are to explain phenomena and provide insight
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How does theory play a role in Comte and other enlightenment philosopher’s goals?
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All scientific work is based on theory, and Comte and other enlightenment philosophers believed that society could be observed using scientific theories and empiricism. Laws are discovered through constant interplay between theory and empirical observation.
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Why are assumptions part of sociology and what are the three main assumptions of the field?
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Assumptions are part of society because they are viewed as the basis of thinking and theorizing. The three main assumptions of the field are:
1. Assumptions about human nature 2. Assumptions about the existence of society 3. Assumptions about the purposes and goals of knowledge. |
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What do perspectives have to do with theory?
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Perspectives are important because Sociologists believe that we never directly experience the world, we only encounter it through our perspectives.
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What are theoretical frameworks?
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Theories are guided by theoretical frameworks (aka paradigms). They are basic images of society that guide thinking and research. Frameworks explain the ordering of the world. The three theoretical frameworks in Sociology are:
1. Structural Functionalism 2. Social Conflict 3. Symbolic Interactionism |
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What is micro-level and what is macro-level?
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Although both are criticized for broad generalizations, macro-level sociology focuses on broad social structures that shape society as a whole whereas micro-level sociology focuses on patterns of social interactions in specific settings.
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