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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Positives of Structured Interviews
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- compare data
- Quantitative data (spot trends etc) - interviewer is less bias |
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Negatives of Structured Interviews
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- Respondents cannot expand on questions
- Results dependant on everyone's understanding - uses closed questions |
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Positives of Unstructured Interviews
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- Respondents can gives their ideas and opinions
- Interview can gain the participants trust - Able to ask about sensitive topics (e.g. abuse) - Qualitative data - Participants more likely to be truthful |
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Negatives of Unstructured Interviews
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- Time consuming
- Personally draining - Participant may not respond - Comparing results is difficult |
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Positives of Group Interviews
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- Ideas can be shared
- Prompts discussions - Quicker than individual interviews - Qualitative data |
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Negatives of Group Interviews
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- Dominant personalities may take control
- Respondents can be influenced by others - Cannot ask about personal and sensitive issues. - Likely to lie - Hard to compare all data |
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Positives of Lab Experiments
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- Can control the variables
- Same situation for everyone - Quantitative data (spot trends and correlations) |
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Negatives of Lab Experiments
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- People will not act naturally
- Hawthorne Effect will come into play |
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Postivies of Field Experiments
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- More likely to get a natural response
- Quantitative data |
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Negatives of Field Experiments
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- Unethical if participants are not told
- Hawthorne effect will happen if the participants are aware that they are involved in the experiment - Cannot control the variables |
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Positives of Questionnaires
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- Quantitative data
- Postal questionnaires are geographically dispersed so they are generalisable - Large sample size - People will be more honest - Removal of interviewer bias |
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Negatives of Questionnaires
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- People may not do them (low response rate)
- Ethnic minorities may not be able to answer them if they struggle with English - Expensive - People lie - More middle class, white British will answer - more time and interest. - Operationalising concepts is difficult (how people measure things) |
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Positives of Social Surveys
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- Stratified examples are easily obtained
- Quota examples are easy, quicker and cheaper - Snowball and volunteer samples are better at creating a sampling frame |
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Negatives of Social Surveys
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- People don't always respond
- Snowball samples aren't always reliable as they rely on personal recommendation - Random, systematic and quota samples do not always cover the whole research population - Stratified sample can only be used if the researcher has enough information on the topic |
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Positives of Observations
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Participant:
- Experience for yourself - People in natural settings - Valid data - Qualitative data Non-Participant: - Record the information first hand |
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Negatives of Observations
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Participant:
- Cost both financially and personally - Could be harmful or dangerous - Cannot generalise - Hard to gain interest or access - Unethical |
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Postives of Secondary Data
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Official Stats:
- Free and easy to access - Regularly updated, reliable, valid and generalisable - Quantitative data Documents: - Already in existence and usually free/cheap - Valid: personal accounts - Qualitative data - Easily available |
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Positives of Research
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Life Histories: illuminated areas of social life, first hand accounts of experiences.
Case Study: better and more detailed picture Longitudinal Studies: how people change and why Comparative method: you can compare |
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Negatives of Research
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Life Histories: dependant on peoples memory and cannot be generalised.
Case Study: Limited results and cannot be generalised Longitudinal Studies: hard to keep the same group of people over a long period of time Comparative method: Keeping the variables the same can be difficult |