Socio 1 Ch. 04

Front 1

The lifelong process through which people learn the attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture.

Back 1

socialization

Front 2

Our sense of who we are, distinct from others, and shaped by the unique combination of our social interactions.

Back 2

self

Front 3

A theory that we become who we are based on how we think others see us.

Back 3

looking-glass self

Front 4

The acting self that exists in relation to the Me.

Back 4

I

Front 5

The socialized self that plans actions and judges performances based on the standards we have learned from others.

Back 5

Me

Front 6

An individual who is most important in the development of the self, such as a parent, friend, or teacher.

Back 6

significant other

Front 7

A gesture, object, or word that forms the basis of human communication.

Back 7

symbol

Front 8

The process of mentally assuming the perspective of another and responding from that imagined viewpoint.

Back 8

role taking

Front 9

The attitudes, viewpoints, and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her behavior.

Back 9

generalized other

Front 10

A view of social interaction in which people are seen as theatrical performers.

Back 10

dramaturgical approach

Front 11

The altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences.

Back 11

impression management

Front 12

The efforts people make to maintain a proper image and avoid public embarrassment.

Back 12

face-work

Front 13

The theory that children's thought progresses through four stages of development.

Back 13

cognitive theory of development

Front 14

Expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females.

Back 14

gender role

Front 15

A ritual marking the symbolic transition from one social position to another.

Back 15

rite of passage

Front 16

A research orientation in which sociologists and other social scientists look closely at the social factors that influence people throughout their lives, form birth to death.

Back 16

life course approach

Front 17

Processes of socialization in which a person "rehearses" for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.

Back 17

anticipatory socialization

Front 18

The process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one's life.

Back 18

resocialization

Front 19

An institution that regulates all aspects of a person's life under a single authority, such as a prison, the military, a mental hospital, or a convent.

Back 19

total institution

Front 20

An aspect of the socialization process within some total institutions, in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals.

Back 20

degradation ceremony

Front 21

A stressful period of self-evaluation that begins at about age 40.

Back 21

midlife crisis

Front 22

The generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children.

Back 22

sandwich generation

Front 23

The study of the sociological and psychological aspects of aging and the problems of the aged.

Back 23

gerontology

Front 24

A theory of aging that suggests that society and the aging individual mutually sever many of their relationships.

Back 24

disengagement theory

Front 25

A theory of aging that suggests that those elderly people who remain active and socially involved will be best adjusted.

Back 25

activity theory

Front 26

Prejudice and discrimination based on a person's age.

Back 26

ageism

Front 27

Treatment of the terminally ill in their own homes, or in special hospital units or other facilities, with the goal of helping them to die comfortably, without pain.

Back 27

hospice care

Front 28

Who developed the theory, "the looking-glass self?"

Back 28

Charles Horton Cooley

Front 29

According to Cooley, the process of developing a self-identity has these three phases:

Back 29

1) we imagine how others see us.
2) we imagine how others evaluate what we think they see.
3) we define our self as a result of these impressions.

Front 30

Who theorized that there are two core components to the self: the "I" and the "Me?"

Back 30

George Herbert Mead

Front 31

The "I" is the:

Back 31

acting self

Front 32

The "Me" is the:

Back 32

socialized self

Front 33

Who theorized the "stages of the self?"

Back 33

George Herbert Mead

Front 34

What are the stages of the self?

Back 34

-The Preparatory Stage
-The Play Stage
-The Game Stage

Front 35

Describe the Preparatory Stage:

Back 35

-birth to age 3
-Children imitate people around them
-Imitation leads to actions based on an understanding of symbols; interaction skills develop.

Front 36

Describe the Play Stage:

Back 36

-age 3 to age 5
-Children become more aware of of social relationships related to symbols
-Children begin role taking

Front 37

Describe the Game Stage:

Back 37

-age 6 to age 9
-Children begin to consider several tasks and relationships simultaneously.
-Children can now grasp their social position and that of those around them.
-During the Game Stage, children can grasp the concept of the "generalized other."

Front 38

Name the Social Interactionism theorists:

Back 38

-Charles Horton Cooley (Looking Glass Self)
-George Herbert Mead (stages of the Self)
-Erving Goffman (Dramaturgical Approach)
-Jean Piaget (Cognitive Theory of Development)

Front 39

What is the most powerful Agent of Socialization for children?

Back 39

family

Front 40

Who coined the term Total Institution?

Back 40

Erving Goffman