Social Work 202 Politics, History

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Primary Mission of Social Work

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Enhance human well being, help meet basic human needs of all people w/special focus on: needs an empowerment of people who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty.

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Definition of Social Work

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The professional occupation that delivers Social Welfare Services via Social Welfare Instutions.

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Core Values of Social Work: SJD, RIC

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Service:

Social Justice:

Dignity/Worth of Individl:

Importance of human relationships:

Integrity:

Competency:

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NASW Code of Ethics

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Provides Set of Guiding:

Standards
Values
Principles

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NASW Ethical Standards

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Some Ethical Standards re enforceable (i.e HIPPA, mandated reporting, someTo: Clients; Colleagues; Practice Settings; as professionals ; to the profession; broader society

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Universal Declaration of Human Rights

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Some Ethical Standards re enforceable (i.e HIPPA, mandated reporting, someTo: Clients; Colleagues; Practice Settings; as professionals ; to the profession; broader society

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Compare/Contrast NASW Code of Ethics and UDHR

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Adopted by UN General Assembly in 12/1948 with 30 Articles:

-Peter Humphrey of Canada provided first draft.
-René Cassin of France, final draft of the Declaration using Napoleonic code
-(while also similarities to US Declaration of Independence) "Life, Liberty and Security" UDHR, and "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" US Constitution,
-E. Roosevelt Driving force of UDHR adoption.
-48 UN countries in favor, 8 abstained

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Declaration of Independence Approved in 7/4/1776
Drafted by Thomas Jefferson, introduced by John Adams.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

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The passage came to represent a moral standard to which the United States should strive. This view was notably promoted by Abraham Lincoln, who considered the Declaration to be the foundation of his political philosophy, and argued that the Declaration is a statement of principles through which the United States Constitution should be interpreted.[7] Why he opposed slavery too? It has inspired work for the rights of marginalized people throughout the world

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13 OG Colonies, until 1788:
-No Povrty, slums, food
-farming societies, farms, villages and hard work.
-Idea of liberty: ownership of land: Liberty, property, Freedom

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Delaware; Pennsylvania; New Jersey; Georgia; Connecticut; Massachusetts Bay; Maryland; South Carolina; New Hampshire, Virginia; New York; North Carolina; and Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.

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1788: Constitution of US Drafted
by T. Jefferson; T. Madison; A. Hamilton; J. Adams

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After 7 year War of Indep. with England. George Washington Elected first President of US in
1789. (John Adams, VP) Unanimous election for 2 terms. First to use the "cabinet" and inaugural address. "Father of the Country". Died in 1799, freed all his tobacco plantation slaves prior to death.
-Legislative: Senate (2 senators per state regardless of state size); Congress-House (popular vote/# of persons in state)
-Judicial: Supreme Court, enforce laws
-Executive: Presidency
-Balance of Pwer, Chcks, Balnces

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French, Spain and Dutch
Supplied guns to American revolutionaries Because_______

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Wanted to secure their colonial territories in opposition of England (World Power at that time...) Spain in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Islands; French in Canada; Dutch in South Africa

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1803 Louisiana Purchase by Tomas Jefferson at cheap price b/c France broke from also being at war w/England, and had their reovolution in 1789 needed funds led to____________

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US tripling in size and led to:
1. US population suddenly became more religiously, racially and culturally diverse
2. commissioned Lewis and Clark scientific expedition to travel length of Missouri

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1607-1773

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The establishment of the 13 colonies

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Charles Mason-Jeremiah Dixon Line surveyed in 1763-1767

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-surveyed to solve land dispute btwn colonies and England.
-Mason–Dixon Line symbol for cultural boundary betwn the Northern and Southern States (Dixie).
- It was not the demarcation line for the legality of slavery. (Delaware, a slave state, falls north of the boundary)
- The Missouri Compromise Line marked line btwn slave and non slave states up to Civil War.

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Second War of Indep w/English: 1812-1815: Ended in stalemate w/Ghent treaty

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"Proxy Indian Wars" with England supporting Native Resistance to US expansion into Native territories. England afraid of US annexing Canada. English eventually more concerned about Europe's Napoleonic Wars. Created friction w/US Federalists(South) wanting ties to England, and Repubicans (New Engl.) wanting maintain indep.

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UDHR: Recognition of inherent dignity and equal inalienable rights of all member os human family: foundation is: freedom, justice and peace in world. Human rights to be protected by rule of law.

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NASW: Swers seek to enhane well being and help meet nees of all people, UDHR another avenue to further those goals of profession.

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Pre-Cursors to "Reluctant Welfare State":

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-Colonists imported Elizabethan Poor laws of England of late 1500-1600.
-Deserving/Undeserving Poor
-

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Poverty in early Middle Ages: 500 to 900 AD: (Chrisitanity)
-Feudalization of western European society: 1:King 2: Lord-Vassals 3. Serfs Peasants
-Lord had power, tithed by church/must give to charity
-Church responsible for poor, via Parishes "willfully idle if don't give charity". If seen as willfully idle, won't get church help.
-Serf owed work + Agricult. produce
-Lord Owed protection/support to serfs who worked his land
-Serfs: bad housing, food shortages, if famine-starved
-But Poverty not a Crime.
-

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Mid-Middle Ages: 10,000 -1300's:
-Tech efficiency, improved admin, surplus transferred to lords from producer.
-Urban areas benefitted: Artisans, retail traders, indust. entrepeneurs, uskilled labor, servants and others benefitted

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Late Mid Ages: 1300's to 1500's
-money economies emerged w/intern. trade, and land colonization, towns grew
-Feudalism dropped away to wage-based relationships. No more serf-lord relationships.
-Mobility became norm, as serfs no longer tied to land.
-Guilds: vol. trade groups for merchants, artisans, functioned as mutual aid societies and cared for own members: Provided insurance and other benefits to its members.
-Eng. Church Tithes were universal to rich and poor
-End of feudalism led to lawless ness
-Poor had no land to grow food, dislocated phys, and via land. no means of support
-Plague killed 20-50 percent of pop.
-Plague deaths led to higher wages for existing workers
-able bodied under 60 sent to work at poorhouses, settlement houses
-runaway serfs could be indentured
-Work expected, Idleness criminal, only not able bodied could beg.

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Corruption of Roman Catholic empire leads to Reformation
-1517, Martin Luther Cath. (German)Priest disagrees w/Rome/Pope/Church re: indulgences-pardoning of sins for payment.
-Higher levels of income, print press, education, and reading lead to questioning of Church/religious law, seemed corrupt.
-Wrote/posted 95 Theses re: debated points challenging Cath. Church./Pople, excommunicated
-Ripe cond. for Protestanism to emerge as 2 persons claiming popedom. All North Europe, except Ireland, parts of England, and Netherlands became Protesant.

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Henry VIII: In England
Wanted a divorce from Katherine of Aragon (spanish), Pope said no. Henry cut ties w/Pope, stopped funding, left church, and created his own: Episcopalean Church, and got his divorce.

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John Calvin: French living in Geneva:
-Bible translated into English, easier access, direct interpretation by each reader to Bible
-Believed in salvation, "predestination". Elect few could get saved:
-As evidenced by Obedience to Church, hardworking, strict, financially successful
-accumulation of wealth.
-"God's work"=hard work, devout
-No Alms for undeserving poor stopped,
-People can be helped for a while, then must pick up slack

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English Poor Laws:
-1531: Principle of government responsibility for poor: who can beg, illegal to help/donate to able bodied poor
-Parish charity donations distributed alms to poor
-created jobs for able-bodied poor (begs of SW)
1572: Aged, poor, disabled were registered as poor after 3 years.
-Local govmnts would tax residents to provide funds for svcs to poor.
-Poor laws from 1597-1601 becomes basis for enacted legislation for English Poor Laws
-Forms administration duties of laws,helped enforce laws to arrest able bodied poor and tax dodgers, created church networks.
-1662: residency requirements for poor (law struck down 1969)
-1723:English parliament allows parishes to establish workhouses for poor to produce goods to earn money for state.
-1762: Act to keep children alive through keeping workhouse records
-1782: Able bodied could find work outside workhouse.
-1834: Reform rules- healthy poor could no longer collect relief, unless employed at workhouse.(Reduce number of poor, to help themse

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US Poor Laws:
-Pilgrims are Puritans and had Calvinist Protestant religious, moral values.
-imported Eng. Poor Laws to apply to Colonies' Poor.
-Immigrants in US agreed to go to US for indentured service for 4-7 years, to unknown person in exchange for ship passage (modern Coyotes)
-No stigma applied to poor if were deserving poor and given outdoor relief
-Children expected to work if parents were aided to work off the aid debt.
-Private beneficiaries could donate(charity) for facilities, but town expected to maintain facility.
-Helping poor held ambivalent due to secularism
-Widows of orphaned poor viewed as wards of community, no stigma, received clothing, firewood, bread, weekly cash payments.
-1642, in Plymouth: every township must have make provision and maintenance of their poor.
-almshouse care common in 1700, wher eages ill, and disable could get care.
-Settlement houses for out of town strangers.
-1730: Boston poor law could eject a stranger without court or warrant.
-Pilgrims believe