Social Studies Unit 2

Front 1

Alliance

Back 1

a close association of nations or other groups, formed to advance common interests or causes

Front 2

Apprentice

Back 2

assistant who is assigned to learn the trade of a skilled craftsman

Front 3

Backcountry

Back 3

a region of hills and forests west of the Tidewater

Front 4

Burgesses

Back 4

elected representatives to an assembly

Front 5

Cash Crop

Back 5

farm crop raised to be sold for money

Front 6

Charter

Back 6

a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area

Front 7

Charter Colony

Back 7

colony established by a group of settlers who had been given a formal document allowing them to settle

Front 8

Constitution

Back 8

a formal plan of government

Front 9

Debtor

Back 9

person or country that owes money

Front 10

Dissent

Back 10

disagreement with or opposition to an opinion

Front 11

Diversity

Back 11

variety or difference

Front 12

Export

Back 12

to sell goods abroad

Front 13

Import

Back 13

to buy goods from foreign markets

Front 14

Indentured Servant

Back 14

laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America

Front 15

Iroquois Confederacy

Back 15

a powerful group of Native Americans in the eastern part of the United States made up of five nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, and Oneida

Front 16

Joint-stock Company

Back 16

a company in which investors buy stock in the company in return for a share of its future profits

Front 17

Literacy

Back 17

the ability to read and write

Front 18

Mayflower Compact

Back 18

a formal document, written in 1620, that provided law and order to the Plymouth colony

Front 19

Mercantilism

Back 19

the theory that a state's or nation's power depended on its wealth

Front 20

Militia

Back 20

a group of civilians trained to fight in emergencies

Front 21

Mission

Back 21

religious settlement

Front 22

Overseer

Back 22

person who supervises a large operation or its workers

Front 23

Pacifist

Back 23

person opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputes

Front 24

Patroon

Back 24

landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of land

Front 25

Persecute

Back 25

to treat someone harshly because of that person's beliefs or practices

Front 26

Pilgrims

Back 26

Separatists who journeyed to the colonies during the 1600s for a religious purpose

Front 27

Proclamation of 1763

Back 27

King George's declaration, after the French and Indian War, that the Appalachian Mountains were the western border of the colonies.

Front 28

Proprietary Colony

Back 28

colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was granted

Front 29

Puritans

Back 29

Protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to reform the Anglican Church

Front 30

Royal Colony

Back 30

colony run by a governor and a council appointed by the king or queen

Front 31

Separatists

Back 31

Protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to leave the Anglican Church in order to found their own churches

Front 32

Smuggling

Back 32

trading illegally with other nations

Front 33

Speculator

Back 33

person who risks money in order to make a large profit

Front 34

Subsistence Farming

Back 34

farming in which only enough food to feed one's family is produced

Front 35

Tenant Farmer

Back 35

farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent either in cash or crops

Front 36

Toleration

Back 36

the acceptance of different beliefs

Front 37

Triangular Trade

Back 37

a trade route that exchanged goods between the West Indies, the American colonies, and West Africa

Front 38

Tidewater

Back 38

a region of flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast